Revelation
Shaliah New Testament Interlinear
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[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22]
Commentary | Interlinear | English
Revelation 1
(1) Αποκαλυψιϲ:Revelation ιηϲου:of-Jesus χριϲτου:Christ ην:which εδωκεν:gave αυτω:to-him ο:the θεοϲ:God δειξαι:to-show τοιϲ:to-the δουλοιϲ:to-bondservants αυτου:of-Him α:the-things δει:it-is-necessary γενεϲθαι:to-come-to-be εν:in ταχει:quickness και:and εϲημανεν:signified αποϲτειλαϲ:having-sent δια:through του:the αγγελου:angel αυτου:of-Him τω:to-the δουλω:bondservant αυτου:of-Him ιωαννη:John (2) Οϲ:Who εμαρτυρηϲεν:testified τον:the λογον:word του:of-the θεου:God και:and την:the μαρτυριαν:testimony ιηϲου:of-Jesus χριϲτου:Christ οϲα:the-things ειδεν:he-saw (3) Μακαριοϲ:Blessed ο:the-one αναγινωϲκων:reading και:and οι:the-ones ακουοντεϲ:hearing τουϲ:the λογουϲ:words τηϲ:of-the προφητειαϲ:prophecy και:and τηρουντεϲ:keeping τα:the-things εν:in αυτη:it γεγραμμενα:having-been-written ο:the γαρ:for καιροϲ:season εγγυϲ:near
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 1:2 | μαρτυριαν:testimony | [testimony] – the forensic term of attestation; the seer reports the word of God and the testimony of Jesus as a witness. |
(4) Ιωαννηϲ:John ταιϲ:to-the επτα:seven εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies ταιϲ:the εν:in τη:the αϲια:Asia χαριϲ:grace υμιν:to-you και:and ειρηνη:peace απο:from ο:the-One ων:being και:and ο:the-One ην:was και:and ο:the-One ερχομενοϲ:coming και:and απο:from των:the επτα:seven πνευματων:spirits α:which ενωπιον:before του:the θρονου:throne αυτου:of-Him (5) Και:And απο:from ιηϲου:Jesus χριϲτου:Christ ο:the μαρτυϲ:witness ο:the πιϲτοϲ:faithful ο:the πρωτοτοκοϲ:firstborn των:of-the νεκρων:dead και:and ο:the αρχων:ruler των:of-the βαϲιλεων:kings τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth τω:to-the αγαπωντι:one-loving ημαϲ:us και:and λυϲαντι:having-loosed ημαϲ:us εκ:from των:the αμαρτιων:sins ημων:of-us εν:in τω:the αιματι:blood αυτου:of-him (6) Και:And εποιηϲεν:made ημαϲ:us βαϲιλειαν:kingdom ιερειϲ:priests τω:to-the θεω:God και:and πατρι:Father αυτου:of-him αυτω:to-Him η:the δοξα:glory και:and το:the κρατοϲ:might ειϲ:unto τουϲ:the αιωναϲ:ages των:of-the αιωνων:ages αμην:Amen (7) Ιδου:Behold ερχεται:comes μετα:with των:the νεφελων:clouds και:and οψεται:will-see αυτον:him παϲ:every οφθαλμοϲ:eye και:and οιτινεϲ:those-who αυτον:him εξεκεντηϲαν:pierced και:and κοψονται:will-mourn επ:over αυτον:him παϲαι:all αι:the φυλαι:tribes τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth ναι:Yes αμην:Amen (8) Εγω:I ειμι:am το:the αλφα:Alpha και:and το:the ω:Omega λεγει:says κυριοϲ:Lord ο:the θεοϲ:God ο:the-One ων:being και:and ο:the-One ην:was και:and ο:the-One ερχομενοϲ:coming ο:the παντοκρατωρ:Almighty
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 1:4 | εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies | [assemblies] – the seven local congregations of Roman Asia; the gloss keeps the first-century sense of the gathered civic assembly. |
| 1:4 | πνευματων:spirits | [spirits] – the sevenfold spirit before the throne, God’s empowering presence in its fullness; lowercased in line with the book-wide convention of rendering the spirit. |
| 1:4 | ο ων και ο ην και ο ερχομενοϲ : the-One being and the-One was and the-One coming | [the-One being and the-One was and the-One coming] – the name-formula of the one God; the Greek word-order is preserved at each occurrence so that the formula keeps its name-like character. |
| 1:5 | μαρτυϲ:witness | [witness] – the forensic term of attestation: the faithful witness who confirms God’s word even to death. |
| 1:5 | πρωτοτοκοϲ:firstborn | [firstborn] – the pre-eminent heir of the royal line (Ps 89:27), first to rise from among the dead. |
| 1:8 | ο ων και ο ην και ο ερχομενοϲ : the-One being and the-One was and the-One coming | [the-One being and the-One was and the-One coming] – the same divine name-formula, again uttered by the one God; the word-order preserves its name-like character. |
(9) Εγω:I ιωαννηϲ:John ο:the αδελφοϲ:brother υμων:of-you και:and ϲυγκοινωνοϲ:co-sharer εν:in τη:the θλιψει:tribulation και:and βαϲιλεια:kingdom και:and υπομονη:endurance εν:in ιηϲου:Jesus εγενομην:I-came-to-be εν:on τη:the νηϲω:island τη:the καλουμενη:called πατμω:Patmos δια:because-of τον:the λογον:word του:of-the θεου:God και:and την:the μαρτυριαν:testimony ιηϲου:of-Jesus (10) Εγενομην:I-came-to-be εν:in πνευματι:spirit εν:on τη:the κυριακη:lord's ημερα:day και:and ηκουϲα:I-heard οπιϲω:behind μου:me φωνην:voice μεγαλην:great ωϲ:like ϲαλπιγγοϲ:trumpet (11) Λεγουϲηϲ:Saying ο:what βλεπειϲ:you-see γραψον:Write ειϲ:into βιβλιον:a-book και:and πεμψον:send ταιϲ:to-the επτα:seven εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies ειϲ:to εφεϲον:Ephesus και:and ειϲ:to ϲμυρναν:Smyrna και:and ειϲ:to περγαμον:Pergamum και:and ειϲ:to θυατειρα:Thyatira και:and ειϲ:to ϲαρδειϲ:Sardis και:and ειϲ:to φιλαδελφειαν:Philadelphia και:and ειϲ:to λαοδικειαν:Laodicea (12) Και:And επεϲτρεψα:I-turned βλεπειν:to-see την:the φωνην:voice ητιϲ:which ελαλει:was-speaking μετ:with εμου:me και:and επιϲτρεψαϲ:having-turned ειδον:I-saw επτα:seven λυχνιαϲ:lampstands χρυϲαϲ:golden (13) Και:And εν:in μεϲω:midst των:of-the λυχνιων:lampstands ομοιον:like υιον:a-son ανθρωπου:of-man ενδεδυμενον:having-clothed-himself ποδηρη:a-long-robe και:and περιεζωϲμενον:having-girded-himself προϲ:at τοιϲ:the μαϲτοιϲ:breasts ζωνην:a-girdle χρυϲαν:golden (14) Η:The δε:and κεφαλη:head αυτου:of-him και:and αι:the τριχεϲ:hair λευκαι:white ωϲ:like εριον:wool λευκον:white ωϲ:like χιων:snow και:and οι:the οφθαλμοι:eyes αυτου:of-him ωϲ:like φλοξ:flame πυροϲ:of-fire (15) Και:And οι:the ποδεϲ:feet αυτου:of-him ομοιοι:like χαλκολιβανω:burnished-bronze ωϲ:as εν:in καμινω:furnace πεπυρωμενηϲ:having-been-fired και:and η:the φωνη:voice αυτου:of-him ωϲ:like φωνη:sound υδατων:of-waters πολλων:many (16) Και:And εχων:having εν:in τη:the δεξια:right χειρι:hand αυτου:of-him αϲτεραϲ:stars επτα:seven και:and εκ:out-of του:the ϲτοματοϲ:mouth αυτου:of-him ρομφαια:sword διϲτομοϲ:two-edged οξεια:sharp εκπορευομενη:going-out και:and η:the οψιϲ:face αυτου:of-him ωϲ:like ο:the ηλιοϲ:sun φαινει:shines εν:in τη:the δυναμει:power αυτου:of-it (17) Και:And οτε:when ειδον:I-saw αυτον:him επεϲα:I-fell προϲ:at τουϲ:the ποδαϲ:feet αυτου:of-him ωϲ:like νεκροϲ:dead και:and εθηκεν:placed την:the δεξιαν:right-hand αυτου:of-him επ:on εμε:me λεγων:saying μη:Do-not φοβου:fear εγω:I ειμι:am ο:the πρωτοϲ:first και:and ο:the εϲχατοϲ:last (18) Και:And ο:the ζων:living-one και:and εγενομην:I-became νεκροϲ:dead και:and ιδου:behold ζων:living ειμι:I-am ειϲ:unto τουϲ:the αιωναϲ:ages των:of-the αιωνων:ages και:and εχω:I-have ταϲ:the κλειϲ:keys του:of-the θανατου:death και:and του:of-the αδου:Hades (19) Γραψον:Write ουν:therefore α:what ειδεϲ:you-saw και:and α:what ειϲιν:are και:and α:what μελλει:is-about-to γενεϲθαι:to-come-to-be μετα:after ταυτα:these-things (20) Το:The μυϲτηριον:mystery των:of-the επτα:seven αϲτερων:stars ουϲ:which ειδεϲ:you-saw επι:upon τηϲ:the δεξιαϲ:right-hand μου:of-me και:and ταϲ:the επτα:seven λυχνιαϲ:lampstands ταϲ:the χρυϲαϲ:golden οι:the επτα:seven αϲτερεϲ:stars αγγελοι:angels των:of-the επτα:seven εκκληϲιων:assemblies ειϲιν:are και:and αι:the λυχνιαι:lampstands αι:the επτα:seven επτα:seven εκκληϲιαι:assemblies ειϲιν:are
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 1:9 | μαρτυριαν:testimony | [testimony] – the forensic attestation of Jesus; John shares in it as a co-sharer in the tribulation and the kingdom. |
| 1:10 | πνευματι:spirit | [spirit] – John is caught up in the spirit, God’s empowering presence; lowercased in line with the book-wide convention of rendering the spirit. |
| 1:11 | εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies | [assemblies] – the seven congregations to whom the book is sent; the local civic-gathering sense is kept. |
| 1:12 | λυχνιαϲ:lampstands | [lampstands] – the golden tabernacle-furnishing; each lampstand depicts one of the assemblies. |
| 1:13 | λυχνιων:lampstands | [lampstands] – the same furnishing-term; the one like a son of man walks in their midst. |
| 1:20 | λυχνιαϲ:lampstands; εκκληϲιων:assemblies; λυχνιαι:lampstands; εκκληϲιαι:assemblies | [lampstands / assemblies] – the vision identifies the seven lampstands with the seven assemblies; the furnishing-term and the congregation-term are each kept distinct. |
Revelation 2
(1) τω:To-the αγγελω:angel τηϲ:of-the εν:in εφεϲω:Ephesus εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly γραψον:Write ταδε:these-things λεγει:says ο:the-one κρατων:holding τουϲ:the επτα:seven αϲτεραϲ:stars εν:in τη:the δεξια:right-hand αυτου:of-him ο:the-one περιπατων:walking εν:in μεϲω:midst των:of-the επτα:seven λυχνιων:lampstands των:of-the χρυϲων:golden (2) οιδα:I-know ϲου:of-you τα:the εργα:works και:and τον:the κοπον:toil και:and την:the υπομονην:endurance ϲου:of-you και:and οτι:that ου:not δυνη:you-are-able βαϲταϲαι:to-bear κακουϲ:evil-ones και:and επειραϲαϲ:you-tested τουϲ:the λεγονταϲ:ones-saying εαυτουϲ:themselves αποϲτολουϲ:apostles και:and ουκ:not ειϲιν:are και:and ευρεϲ:found αυτουϲ:them ψευδειϲ:false-ones (3) και:And υπομονην:endurance εχειϲ:you-have και:and εβαϲταϲαϲ:you-bore δια:because-of το:the ονομα:name μου:of-me και:and ου:not κεκοπιακεϲ:you-have-grown-weary (4) αλλ:But εχω:I-have κατα:against ϲου:you οτι:that την:the αγαπην:love ϲου:of-you την:the πρωτην:first αφηκεϲ:you-abandoned (5) μνημονευε:Remember ουν:therefore ποθεν:from-where πεπτωκαϲ:you-have-fallen και:and μετανοηϲον:repent και:and τα:the πρωτα:first εργα:works ποιηϲον:do ει:if δε:but μη:not ερχομαι:I-come ϲοι:to-you και:and κινηϲω:I-will-move την:the λυχνιαν:lampstand ϲου:of-you εκ:from του:the τοπου:place αυτηϲ:of-it εαν-μη:unless μετανοηϲηϲ:you-repent (6) αλλα:But τουτο:this εχειϲ:you-have οτι:that μιϲειϲ:you-hate τα:the εργα:works των:of-the νικολαιτων:Nicolaitans α:which καγω:and-I μιϲω:I-hate (7) ο:the-one εχων:having ουϲ:ear ακουϲατω:let-him-hear τι:what το:the πνευμα:spirit λεγει:says ταιϲ:to-the εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies τω:to-the-one νικωντι:overcoming δωϲω:I-will-give αυτω:to-him φαγειν:to-eat εκ:from του:the ξυλου:tree τηϲ:of-the ζωηϲ:of-life ο:which εϲτιν:is εν:in τω:the παραδειϲω:paradise του:of-the θεου:God
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 2:1 | εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly | [assembly] – the congregation at Ephesus; the local first-century sense is kept. |
| 2:1 | λυχνιων:lampstands | [lampstands] – the one who walks among the lampstands; each lampstand is an assembly. |
| 2:5 | λυχνιαν:lampstand | [lampstand] – the assembly itself, threatened with removal from its place. |
| 2:7 | το πνευμα : the spirit | [the spirit] – the spirit speaking to the assemblies: God’s empowering presence, lowercased in line with the book-wide convention. |
| 2:7 | εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies | [assemblies] – the seven congregations addressed by the spirit. |
(8) και:And τω:to-the αγγελω:angel τηϲ:of-the εν:in ϲμυρνη:Smyrna εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly γραψον:Write ταδε:these-things λεγει:says ο:the πρωτοϲ:first και:and ο:the εϲχατοϲ:last οϲ:who εγενετο:became νεκροϲ:dead και:and εζηϲεν:lived (9) οιδα:I-know ϲου:of-you την:the θλιψιν:tribulation και:and την:the πτωχειαν:poverty αλλα:but πλουϲιοϲ:rich ει:you-are και:and την:the βλαϲφημιαν:slander εκ:from των:of-the λεγοντων:ones-saying ιουδαιουϲ:Jews ειναι:to-be εαυτουϲ:themselves και:and ουκ:not ειϲιν:are αλλα:but ϲυναγωγη:synagogue του:of-the ϲατανα:Adversary (10) μηδεν:Nothing φοβου:fear α:the-things μελλειϲ:you-are-about-to παϲχειν:suffer ιδου:behold μελλει:is-about-to βαλλειν:cast ο:the διαβολοϲ:devil εξ:from υμων:you ειϲ:into φυλακην:prison ινα:that πειραϲθητε:you-may-be-tested και:and εξετε:you-will-have θλιψιν:tribulation ημερων:of-days δεκα:ten γινου:Become πιϲτοϲ:faithful αχρι:until θανατου:death και:and δωϲω:I-will-give ϲοι:to-you τον:the ϲτεφανον:crown τηϲ:of-the ζωηϲ:of-life (11) ο:the-one εχων:having ουϲ:ear ακουϲατω:let-him-hear τι:what το:the πνευμα:spirit λεγει:says ταιϲ:to-the εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies ο:the-one νικων:overcoming ου-μη:not-at-all αδικηθη:shall-be-harmed εκ:by του:the θανατου:death του:the δευτερου:second
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 2:8 | εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly | [assembly] – the congregation at Smyrna. |
| 2:9 | ϲυναγωγη του ϲατανα : synagogue of the Adversary | [synagogue of the Adversary] – a covenantal-typological designation for an assembly that opposes God’s purposes; the gloss keeps the scriptural polemic in its own idiom. |
| 2:11 | το πνευμα : the spirit | [the spirit] – the spirit speaking to the assemblies: God’s empowering presence, lowercased in line with the book-wide convention. |
| 2:11 | εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies | [assemblies] – the seven congregations addressed by the spirit. |
(12) και:And τω:to-the αγγελω:angel τηϲ:of-the εν:in περγαμω:Pergamum εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly γραψον:Write ταδε:these-things λεγει:says ο:the-one εχων:having την:the ρομφαιαν:sword την:the διϲτομον:two-edged την:the οξειαν:sharp (13) οιδα:I-know που:where κατοικειϲ:you-dwell οπου:where ο:the θρονοϲ:throne του:of-the ϲατανα:Adversary και:and κρατειϲ:you-hold το:the ονομα:name μου:of-me και:and ουκ:not ηρνηϲω:you-denied την:the πιϲτιν:faith μου:of-me και:and εν:in ταιϲ:the ημεραιϲ:days αντιπαϲ:Antipas ο:the μαρτυϲ:witness μου:of-me ο:the πιϲτοϲ:faithful μου:of-me οϲ:who απεκτανθη:was-killed παρ:among υμιν:you οπου:where ο:the ϲαταναϲ:Adversary κατοικει:dwells (14) αλλ:But εχω:I-have κατα:against ϲου:you ολιγα:few-things οτι:that εχειϲ:you-have εκει:there κρατουνταϲ:ones-holding την:the διδαχην:teaching βαλααμ:Balaam οϲ:who εδιδαϲκεν:taught τω:to-the βαλακ:Balak βαλειν:to-place ϲκανδαλον:stumbling-block ενωπιον:before των:the υιων:sons ιϲραηλ:of-Israel φαγειν:to-eat ειδωλοθυτα:meat-sacrificed-to-idols και:and πορνευϲαι:to-fornicate (15) ουτωϲ:Thus εχειϲ:you-have και:also ϲυ:you κρατουνταϲ:ones-holding την:the διδαχην:teaching των:of-the νικολαιτων:Nicolaitans ομοιωϲ:likewise (16) μετανοηϲον:Repent ουν:therefore ει:if δε:but μη:not ερχομαι:I-come ϲοι:to-you ταχυ:quickly και:and πολεμηϲω:I-will-fight μετ:with αυτων:them εν:with τη:the ρομφαια:sword του:of-the ϲτοματοϲ:mouth μου:of-me (17) ο:the-one εχων:having ουϲ:ear ακουϲατω:let-him-hear τι:what το:the πνευμα:spirit λεγει:says ταιϲ:to-the εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies τω:to-the-one νικωντι:overcoming δωϲω:I-will-give αυτω:to-him του:the μαννα:manna του:the κεκρυμμενου:hidden και:and δωϲω:I-will-give αυτω:to-him ψηφον:stone λευκην:white και:and επι:upon την:the ψηφον:stone ονομα:name καινον:new γεγραμμενον:having-been-written ο:which ουδειϲ:no-one οιδεν:knows ει-μη:except ο:the-one λαμβανων:receiving
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 2:12 | εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly | [assembly] – the congregation at Pergamum. |
| 2:13 | μαρτυϲ:witness | [witness] – Antipas, the faithful witness; the forensic term of one who attests even unto death. |
| 2:17 | το πνευμα : the spirit | [the spirit] – the spirit speaking to the assemblies: God’s empowering presence, lowercased in line with the book-wide convention. |
| 2:17 | εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies | [assemblies] – the seven congregations addressed by the spirit. |
(18) και:And τω:to-the αγγελω:angel τηϲ:of-the εν:in θυατειροιϲ:Thyatira εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly γραψον:Write ταδε:these-things λεγει:says ο:the υιοϲ:son του:of-the θεου:God ο:the-one εχων:having τουϲ:the οφθαλμουϲ:eyes αυτου:of-him ωϲ:like φλογα:flame πυροϲ:of-fire και:and οι:the ποδεϲ:feet αυτου:of-him ομοιοι:like χαλκολιβανω:burnished-bronze (19) οιδα:I-know ϲου:of-you τα:the εργα:works και:and την:the αγαπην:love και:and την:the πιϲτιν:faith και:and την:the διακονιαν:service και:and την:the υπομονην:endurance ϲου:of-you και:and τα:the εργα:works ϲου:of-you τα:the εϲχατα:latter πλειονα:more-than των:the πρωτων:former (20) αλλ:But εχω:I-have κατα:against ϲου:you οτι:that αφειϲ:you-tolerate την:the γυναικα:woman ιεζαβελ:Jezebel η:who λεγουϲα:calls εαυτην:herself προφητιν:prophetess και:and διδαϲκει:teaches και:and πλανα:leads-astray τουϲ:the εμουϲ:my δουλουϲ:bondservants πορνευϲαι:to-fornicate και:and φαγειν:to-eat ειδωλοθυτα:meat-sacrificed-to-idols (21) και:And εδωκα:I-gave αυτη:to-her χρονον:time ινα:that μετανοηϲη:she-might-repent και:and ου:not θελει:she-wills μετανοηϲαι:to-repent εκ:from τηϲ:the πορνειαϲ:fornication αυτηϲ:of-her (22) ιδου:Behold βαλλω:I-cast αυτην:her ειϲ:into κλινην:bed και:and τουϲ:the μοιχευονταϲ:ones-committing-adultery μετ:with αυτηϲ:her ειϲ:into θλιψιν:tribulation μεγαλην:great εαν-μη:unless μετανοηϲωϲιν:they-repent εκ:from των:the εργων:works αυτηϲ:of-her (23) και:And τα:the τεκνα:children αυτηϲ:of-her αποκτενω:I-will-kill εν:by θανατω:death και:and γνωϲονται:will-know παϲαι:all αι:the εκκληϲιαι:assemblies οτι:that εγω:I ειμι:am ο:the-one εραυνων:searching νεφρουϲ:kidneys και:and καρδιαϲ:hearts και:and δωϲω:I-will-give υμιν:to-you εκαϲτω:to-each κατα:according-to τα:the εργα:works υμων:of-you (24) υμιν:To-you δε:and λεγω:I-say τοιϲ:to-the λοιποιϲ:rest τοιϲ:the εν:in θυατειροιϲ:Thyatira οϲοι:as-many-as ουκ:not εχουϲιν:have την:the διδαχην:teaching ταυτην:this οιτινεϲ:who ουκ:not εγνωϲαν:know τα:the βαθεα:deep-things του:of-the ϲατανα:Adversary ωϲ:as λεγουϲιν:they-say ου:not βαλλω:I-cast εφ:upon υμαϲ:you αλλο:another βαροϲ:burden (25) πλην:Only ο:what εχετε:you-have κρατηϲατε:hold-fast αχριϲ:until ου:which αν:ever ηξω:I-come (26) και:And ο:the-one νικων:overcoming και:and ο:the-one τηρων:keeping αχρι:until τελουϲ:the-end τα:the εργα:works μου:of-me δωϲω:I-will-give αυτω:to-him εξουϲιαν:authority επι:over των:the εθνων:nations (27) και:And ποιμανει:will-shepherd αυτουϲ:them εν:with ραβδω:rod ϲιδηρα:of-iron ωϲ:as τα:the ϲκευη:vessels τα:the κεραμικα:clay ϲυντριβεται:are-shattered (28) ωϲ:As καγω:also-I ειληφα:have-received παρα:from του:the πατροϲ:Father μου:of-me και:and δωϲω:I-will-give αυτω:to-him τον:the αϲτερα:star τον:the πρωινον:morning (29) ο:the-one εχων:having ουϲ:ear ακουϲατω:let-him-hear τι:what το:the πνευμα:spirit λεγει:says ταιϲ:to-the εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 2:18 | εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly | [assembly] – the congregation at Thyatira. |
| 2:18 | ο υιοϲ του θεου : the son of God | [son of God] – the royal, functional title of the Davidic son who carries the Father’s delegated authority; lowercased as a title of the appointed agent. |
| 2:23 | εκκληϲιαι:assemblies | [assemblies] – all the assemblies will know the one who searches kidneys and hearts; the agent bears the Father’s judgment. |
| 2:29 | το πνευμα : the spirit | [the spirit] – the spirit speaking to the assemblies: God’s empowering presence, lowercased in line with the book-wide convention. |
| 2:29 | εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies | [assemblies] – the seven congregations addressed by the spirit. |
Revelation 3
(1) και:And τω:to-the αγγελω:angel τηϲ:of-the εν:in ϲαρδεϲιν:Sardis εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly γραψον:Write ταδε:these-things λεγει:says ο:the-one εχων:having τα:the επτα:seven πνευματα:spirits του:of-the θεου:God και:and τουϲ:the επτα:seven αϲτεραϲ:stars οιδα:I-know ϲου:of-you τα:the εργα:works οτι:that ονομα:name εχειϲ:you-have οτι:that ζηϲ:you-live και:and νεκροϲ:dead ει:you-are (2) γινου:Become γρηγορων:watching και:and ϲτηριϲον:strengthen τα:the λοιπα:remaining α:which εμελλον:were-about-to αποθανειν:to-die ου:not γαρ:for ευρηκα:I-have-found ϲου:of-you τα:the εργα:works πεπληρωμενα:having-been-fulfilled ενωπιον:before του:the θεου:God μου:of-me (3) μνημονευε:Remember ουν:therefore πωϲ:how ειληφαϲ:you-have-received και:and ηκουϲαϲ:you-heard και:and τηρει:keep και:and μετανοηϲον:repent εαν:if ουν:therefore μη:not γρηγορηϲηϲ:you-shall-watch ηξω:I-will-come ωϲ:as κλεπτηϲ:thief και:and ου-μη:not-at-all γνωϲ:you-will-know ποιαν:what ωραν:hour ηξω:I-will-come επι:upon ϲε:you (4) αλλ:But εχειϲ:you-have ολιγα:few ονοματα:names εν:in ϲαρδεϲιν:Sardis α:which ουκ:not εμολυναν:defiled τα:the ιματια:garments αυτων:of-them και:and περιπατηϲουϲιν:they-will-walk μετ:with εμου:me εν:in λευκοιϲ:white οτι:because αξιοι:worthy ειϲιν:they-are (5) ο:the-one νικων:overcoming ουτωϲ:thus περιβαλειται:will-clothe-himself εν:in ιματιοιϲ:garments λευκοιϲ:white και:and ου-μη:not-at-all εξαλειψω:I-will-blot-out το:the ονομα:name αυτου:of-him εκ:from τηϲ:the βιβλου:book τηϲ:of-the ζωηϲ:life και:and ομολογηϲω:I-will-confess το:the ονομα:name αυτου:of-him ενωπιον:before του:the πατροϲ:Father μου:of-me και:and ενωπιον:before των:the αγγελων:angels αυτου:of-Him (6) ο:the-one εχων:having ουϲ:ear ακουϲατω:let-him-hear τι:what το:the πνευμα:spirit λεγει:says ταιϲ:to-the εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 3:1 | εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly | [assembly] – the congregation at Sardis. |
| 3:1 | πνευματα:spirits | [spirits] – the sevenfold spirit belonging to God, held by the one who speaks with delegated authority; lowercased in line with the book-wide convention. |
| 3:6 | το πνευμα : the spirit | [the spirit] – the spirit speaking to the assemblies: God’s empowering presence, lowercased in line with the book-wide convention. |
| 3:6 | εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies | [assemblies] – the seven congregations addressed by the spirit. |
(7) και:And τω:to-the αγγελω:angel τηϲ:of-the εν:in φιλαδελφεια:Philadelphia εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly γραψον:Write ταδε:these-things λεγει:says ο:the αγιοϲ:holy-one ο:the αληθινοϲ:true-one ο:the-one εχων:having την:the κλειν:key δαυιδ:of-David ο:the-one ανοιγων:opening και:and ουδειϲ:no-one κλειϲει:will-shut και:and κλειων:shutting και:and ουδειϲ:no-one ανοιγει:opens (8) οιδα:I-know ϲου:of-you τα:the εργα:works ιδου:behold δεδωκα:I-have-given ενωπιον:before ϲου:you θυραν:door ηνεωγμενην:having-been-opened ην:which ουδειϲ:no-one δυναται:is-able κλειϲαι:to-shut αυτην:it οτι:because μικραν:little εχειϲ:you-have δυναμιν:power και:and ετηρηϲαϲ:you-kept μου:of-me τον:the λογον:word και:and ουκ:not ηρνηϲω:you-denied το:the ονομα:name μου:of-me (9) ιδου:Behold διδω:I-give εκ:from τηϲ:the ϲυναγωγηϲ:synagogue του:of-the ϲατανα:Adversary των:of-the-ones λεγοντων:saying εαυτουϲ:themselves ιουδαιουϲ:Jews ειναι:to-be και:and ουκ:not ειϲιν:are αλλα:but ψευδονται:they-lie ιδου:behold ποιηϲω:I-will-make αυτουϲ:them ινα:that ηξουϲιν:they-will-come και:and προϲκυνηϲουϲιν:will-do-obeisance ενωπιον:before των:the ποδων:feet ϲου:of-you και:and γνωϲιν:they-will-know οτι:that εγω:I ηγαπηϲα:loved ϲε:you (10) οτι:Because ετηρηϲαϲ:you-kept τον:the λογον:word τηϲ:of-the υπομονηϲ:endurance μου:of-me καγω:and-I ϲε:you τηρηϲω:will-keep εκ:from τηϲ:the ωραϲ:hour του:of-the πειραϲμου:testing τηϲ:the μελλουϲηϲ:being-about-to ερχεϲθαι:to-come επι:upon τηϲ:the οικουμενηϲ:inhabited-world οληϲ:whole πειραϲαι:to-test τουϲ:the κατοικουνταϲ:ones-dwelling επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth (11) ερχομαι:I-come ταχυ:quickly κρατει:hold-fast ο:what εχειϲ:you-have ινα:that μηδειϲ:no-one λαβη:may-take τον:the ϲτεφανον:crown ϲου:of-you (12) ο:the-one νικων:overcoming ποιηϲω:I-will-make αυτον:him ϲτυλον:pillar εν:in τω:the ναω:sanctuary του:of-the θεου:God μου:of-me και:and εξω:outside ου-μη:not-at-all εξελθη:he-will-go-out ετι:still και:and γραψω:I-will-write επ:upon αυτον:him το:the ονομα:name του:of-the θεου:God μου:of-me και:and το:the ονομα:name τηϲ:of-the πολεωϲ:city του:of-the θεου:God μου:of-me τηϲ:the καινηϲ:new ιερουϲαλημ:Jerusalem η:the καταβαινουϲα:coming-down εκ:from του:the ουρανου:heaven απο:from του:the θεου:God μου:of-me και:and το:the ονομα:name μου:of-me το:the καινον:new (13) ο:the-one εχων:having ουϲ:ear ακουϲατω:let-him-hear τι:what το:the πνευμα:spirit λεγει:says ταιϲ:to-the εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 3:7 | εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly | [assembly] – the congregation at Philadelphia. |
| 3:9 | ϲυναγωγηϲ του ϲατανα : synagogue of the Adversary | [synagogue of the Adversary] – the same covenantal-typological designation as at Smyrna; the gloss keeps the scriptural polemic in its own idiom. |
| 3:9 | προϲκυνηϲουϲιν:will-do-obeisance | [do-obeisance] – the homage of those who come and bow before the feet of the faithful assembly; the translation keeps this distinct from the cultic worship that belongs to God alone. |
| 3:13 | το πνευμα : the spirit | [the spirit] – the spirit speaking to the assemblies: God’s empowering presence, lowercased in line with the book-wide convention. |
| 3:13 | εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies | [assemblies] – the seven congregations addressed by the spirit. |
(14) και:And τω:to-the αγγελω:angel τηϲ:of-the εν:in λαοδικεια:Laodicea εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly γραψον:Write ταδε:these-things λεγει:says ο:the αμην:Amen ο:the μαρτυϲ:witness ο:the πιϲτοϲ:faithful και:and αληθινοϲ:true η:the αρχη:beginning τηϲ:of-the κτιϲεωϲ:creation του:of-the θεου:God (15) οιδα:I-know ϲου:of-you τα:the εργα:works οτι:that ουτε:neither ψυχροϲ:cold ει:you-are ουτε:nor ζεϲτοϲ:hot οφελον:would-that ψυχροϲ:cold ηϲ:you-were η:or ζεϲτοϲ:hot (16) ουτωϲ:Thus οτι:because χλιαροϲ:lukewarm ει:you-are και:and ουτε:neither ζεϲτοϲ:hot ουτε:nor ψυχροϲ:cold μελλω:I-am-about-to ϲε:you εμεϲαι:to-vomit εκ:out-of του:the ϲτοματοϲ:mouth μου:of-me (17) οτι:Because λεγειϲ:you-say οτι:that πλουϲιοϲ:rich ειμι:I-am και:and πεπλουτηκα:I-have-enriched και:and ουδεν:nothing χρειαν:need εχω:I-have και:and ουκ:not οιδαϲ:you-know οτι:that ϲυ:you ει:are ο:the ταλαιπωροϲ:wretched και:and ελεεινοϲ:pitiable και:and πτωχοϲ:poor και:and τυφλοϲ:blind και:and γυμνοϲ:naked (18) ϲυμβουλευω:I-counsel ϲοι:you αγοραϲαι:to-buy παρ:from εμου:me χρυϲιον:gold πεπυρωμενον:having-been-fired εκ:by πυροϲ:fire ινα:that πλουτηϲηϲ:you-may-be-enriched και:and ιματια:garments λευκα:white ινα:that περιβαλη:you-may-clothe-yourself και:and μη:not φανερωθη:may-be-made-visible η:the αιϲχυνη:shame τηϲ:of-the γυμνοτητοϲ:nakedness ϲου:of-you και:and κολλουριον:eye-salve εγχριϲαι:to-apply τουϲ:the οφθαλμουϲ:eyes ϲου:of-you ινα:that βλεπηϲ:you-may-see (19) εγω:I οϲουϲ:as-many-as εαν:ever φιλω:I-love ελεγχω:I-reprove και:and παιδευω:I-discipline ζηλευε:Be-zealous ουν:therefore και:and μετανοηϲον:repent (20) ιδου:Behold εϲτηκα:I-have-stood επι:at την:the θυραν:door και:and κρουω:I-knock εαν:if τιϲ:anyone ακουϲη:hears τηϲ:the φωνηϲ:voice μου:of-me και:and ανοιξη:opens την:the θυραν:door και:and ειϲελευϲομαι:I-will-enter προϲ:to αυτον:him και:and δειπνηϲω:I-will-dine μετ:with αυτου:him και:and αυτοϲ:he μετ:with εμου:me (21) ο:the-one νικων:overcoming δωϲω:I-will-give αυτω:to-him καθιϲαι:to-sit μετ:with εμου:me εν:in τω:the θρονω:throne μου:of-me ωϲ:as καγω:also-I ενικηϲα:overcame και:and εκαθιϲα:sat μετα:with του:the πατροϲ:Father μου:of-me εν:in τω:the θρονω:throne αυτου:of-Him (22) ο:the-one εχων:having ουϲ:ear ακουϲατω:let-him-hear τι:what το:the πνευμα:spirit λεγει:says ταιϲ:to-the εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 3:14 | εκκληϲιαϲ:assembly | [assembly] – the congregation at Laodicea. |
| 3:14 | μαρτυϲ:witness | [witness] – the faithful and true witness; the forensic term of attestation. |
| 3:14 | αρχη τηϲ κτιϲεωϲ : beginning of the creation | [beginning of the creation] – the pre-eminence and source of the new creation, in the pattern of personified wisdom; the gloss keeps that primacy. |
| 3:22 | το πνευμα : the spirit | [the spirit] – the spirit speaking to the assemblies: God’s empowering presence, lowercased in line with the book-wide convention. |
| 3:22 | εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies | [assemblies] – the seven congregations addressed by the spirit. |
Revelation 4
(1) Μετα:After ταυτα:these-things ειδον:I-saw και:and ιδου:behold θυρα:door ηνεωγμενη:having-been-opened εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven και:and η:the φωνη:voice η:the πρωτη:first ην:which ηκουϲα:I-heard ωϲ:like ϲαλπιγγοϲ:trumpet λαλουϲηϲ:speaking μετ:with εμου:me λεγων:saying Αναβα:Come-up ωδε:here και:and δειξω:I-will-show ϲοι:to-you α:the-things δει:it-is-necessary γενεϲθαι:to-come-to-be μετα:after ταυτα:these-things (2) Ευθεωϲ:Immediately εγενομην:I-came-to-be εν:in πνευματι:spirit και:and ιδου:behold θρονοϲ:throne εκειτο:was-lying εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven και:and επι:upon τον:the θρονον:throne καθημενοϲ:One-sitting (3) Και:And ο:the καθημενοϲ:One-sitting ομοιοϲ:like οραϲει:in-appearance λιθω:stone ιαϲπιδι:jasper και:and ϲαρδιω:sardius και:and ιριϲ:rainbow κυκλοθεν:around του:the θρονου:throne ομοιοϲ:like οραϲει:in-appearance ϲμαραγδινω:emerald (4) Και:And κυκλοθεν:around του:the θρονου:throne θρονουϲ:thrones εικοϲι:twenty τεϲϲαρεϲ:four και:and επι:upon τουϲ:the θρονουϲ:thrones εικοϲι:twenty τεϲϲαραϲ:four πρεϲβυτερουϲ:elders καθημενουϲ:sitting περιβεβλημενουϲ:having-clothed-themselves εν:in ιματιοιϲ:garments λευκοιϲ:white και:and επι:upon ταϲ:the κεφαλαϲ:heads αυτων:of-them ϲτεφανουϲ:crowns χρυϲουϲ:golden (5) Και:And εκ:out-of του:the θρονου:throne εκπορευονται:go-out αϲτραπαι:lightnings και:and φωναι:voices και:and βρονται:thunders και:and επτα:seven λαμπαδεϲ:lamps πυροϲ:of-fire καιομεναι:burning ενωπιον:before του:the θρονου:throne α:which ειϲιν:are τα:the επτα:seven πνευματα:spirits του:of-the θεου:God (6) Και:And ενωπιον:before του:the θρονου:throne ωϲ:like θαλαϲϲα:sea υαλινη:glassy ομοια:similar κρυϲταλλω:to-crystal και:and εν:in μεϲω:midst του:of-the θρονου:throne και:and κυκλω:around του:of-the θρονου:throne τεϲϲαρα:four ζωα:living-creatures γεμοντα:full οφθαλμων:of-eyes εμπροϲθεν:in-front και:and οπιϲθεν:behind (7) Και:And το:the ζωον:living-creature το:the πρωτον:first ομοιον:like λεοντι:lion και:and το:the δευτερον:second ζωον:living-creature ομοιον:like μοϲχω:calf και:and το:the τριτον:third ζωον:living-creature εχων:having το:the προϲωπον:face ωϲ:like ανθρωπου:of-man και:and το:the τεταρτον:fourth ζωον:living-creature ομοιον:like αετω:eagle πετομενω:flying (8) Και:And τα:the τεϲϲαρα:four ζωα:living-creatures εν:one καθ:according-to εν:one αυτων:of-them εχων:having ανα:each πτερυγαϲ:wings εξ:six κυκλοθεν:around και:and εϲωθεν:inside γεμουϲιν:they-are-full οφθαλμων:of-eyes και:and αναπαυϲιν:rest ουκ:not εχουϲιν:they-have ημεραϲ:day και:and νυκτοϲ:night λεγοντεϲ:saying Αγιοϲ:Holy αγιοϲ:holy αγιοϲ:holy Κυριοϲ:Lord ο:the Θεοϲ:God ο:the Παντοκρατωρ:Almighty ο:the-One ην:was και:and ο:the-One ων:being και:and ο:the-One ερχομενοϲ:coming
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 4:2 | εν πνευματι : in spirit | [in spirit] – John is taken up in the spirit, the empowering presence of God; the book-wide convention keeps the spirit lowercase. |
| 4:2 | καθημενοϲ:One-sitting | [One-sitting] – the enthroned God of the heavenly court; the English distinguishes the One seated on the throne from the riders who later sit on the judgment-horses. |
| 4:5 | λαμπαδεϲ:lamps | [lamps] – the seven burning lamps of fire before the throne; the translation distinguishes these from the lampstands that depict the assemblies. |
| 4:5 | πνευματα:spirits | [spirits] – the sevenfold spirit-presence of God, the empowering presence in its fullness; lowercased throughout. |
| 4:8 | ο ην και ο ων και ο ερχομενοϲ : the-One was and the-One being and the-One coming | [the-One was and the-One being and the-One coming] – the divine name-formula of the one God; the Greek word-order is preserved so that the formula keeps its name-like character. |
(9) Και:And οταν:when δωϲουϲιν:shall-give τα:the ζωα:living-creatures δοξαν:glory και:and τιμην:honor και:and ευχαριϲτιαν:thanksgiving τω:to-the καθημενω:One-sitting επι:upon τω:the θρονω:throne τω:to-the ζωντι:living-One ειϲ:unto τουϲ:the αιωναϲ:ages των:of-the αιωνων:ages (10) Πεϲουνται:Will-fall οι:the εικοϲι:twenty τεϲϲαρεϲ:four πρεϲβυτεροι:elders ενωπιον:before του:the καθημενου:One-sitting επι:upon του:the θρονου:throne και:and προϲκυνηϲουϲιν:will-worship τω:to-the ζωντι:living-One ειϲ:unto τουϲ:the αιωναϲ:ages των:of-the αιωνων:ages και:and βαλουϲιν:will-cast τουϲ:the ϲτεφανουϲ:crowns αυτων:of-them ενωπιον:before του:the θρονου:throne λεγοντεϲ:saying (11) Αξιοϲ:Worthy ει:are-You ο:the Κυριοϲ:Lord και:and ο:the Θεοϲ:God ημων:of-us λαβειν:to-receive την:the δοξαν:glory και:and την:the τιμην:honor και:and την:the δυναμιν:power οτι:because ϲυ:You εκτιϲαϲ:created τα:the παντα:all-things και:and δια:through το:the θελημα:will ϲου:of-You ηϲαν:they-were και:and εκτιϲθηϲαν:they-were-created
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 4:9 | καθημενω:One-sitting | [One-sitting] – the enthroned living God, to whom the living-creatures ascribe glory, honour and thanksgiving. |
| 4:10 | καθημενου:One-sitting | [One-sitting] – God enthroned, before whom the elders fall and cast their crowns. |
| 4:10 | προϲκυνηϲουϲιν:will-worship | [will-worship] – the homage of the elders, here directed to the one God on the throne; the translation distinguishes the worship rendered to God from the obeisance shown to the Lamb and other agents. |
Revelation 5
(1) Και:And ειδον:I-saw επι:upon την:the δεξιαν:right-hand του:of-the καθημενου:One-sitting επι:upon του:the θρονου:throne βιβλιον:book γεγραμμενον:having-been-written εϲωθεν:inside και:and οπιϲθεν:on-the-back κατεϲφραγιϲμενον:having-been-sealed ϲφραγιϲιν:with-seals επτα:seven (2) Και:And ειδον:I-saw αγγελον:angel ιϲχυρον:mighty κηρυϲϲοντα:proclaiming εν:in φωνη:voice μεγαλη:great τιϲ:who αξιοϲ:worthy ανοιξαι:to-open το:the βιβλιον:book και:and λυϲαι:to-loosen ταϲ:the ϲφραγιδαϲ:seals αυτου:of-it (3) Και:And ουδειϲ:no-one εδυνατο:was-able εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven ουδε:nor επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth ουδε:nor υποκατω:under τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth ανοιξαι:to-open το:the βιβλιον:book ουτε:nor βλεπειν:to-see αυτο:it (4) Και:And εκλαιον:was-weeping πολυ:much οτι:that ουδειϲ:no-one αξιοϲ:worthy ευρεθη:was-found ανοιξαι:to-open το:the βιβλιον:book ουτε:nor βλεπειν:to-see αυτο:it (5) Και:And ειϲ:one εκ:from των:the πρεϲβυτερων:elders λεγει:says μοι:to-me Μη:Do-not κλαιε:weep ιδου:behold ενικηϲεν:overcame ο:the λεων:lion ο:the εκ:from τηϲ:the φυληϲ:tribe ιουδα:of-Judah η:the ριζα:root δαυιδ:of-David ανοιξαι:to-open το:the βιβλιον:book και:and ταϲ:the επτα:seven ϲφραγιδαϲ:seals αυτου:of-it (6) Και:And ειδον:I-saw εν:in μεϲω:midst του:of-the θρονου:throne και:and των:of-the τεϲϲαρων:four ζωων:living-creatures και:and εν:in μεϲω:midst των:of-the πρεϲβυτερων:elders αρνιον:lamb εϲτηκοϲ:standing ωϲ:as εϲφαγμενον:having-been-slain εχων:having κερατα:horns επτα:seven και:and οφθαλμουϲ:eyes επτα:seven οι:which ειϲιν:are τα:the επτα:seven πνευματα:spirits του:of-the θεου:God απεϲταλμενοι:having-been-sent ειϲ:into παϲαν:all την:the γην:earth (7) Και:And ηλθεν:came και:and ειληφεν:has-taken εκ:from τηϲ:the δεξιαϲ:right-hand του:of-the καθημενου:One-sitting επι:upon του:the θρονου:throne
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 5:1 | καθημενου:One-sitting | [One-sitting] – God enthroned, holding the scroll written within and on the back, sealed with seven seals. |
| 5:6 | πνευματα:spirits | [spirits] – the sevenfold spirit-presence of God, sent out into all the earth; lowercased throughout. |
| 5:7 | καθημενου:One-sitting | [One-sitting] – God enthroned, from whose right hand the Lamb takes the scroll. |
(8) Και:And οτε:when ελαβεν:he-took το:the βιβλιον:book τα:the τεϲϲαρα:four ζωα:living-creatures και:and οι:the εικοϲι:twenty τεϲϲαρεϲ:four πρεϲβυτεροι:elders επεϲαν:fell ενωπιον:before του:the αρνιου:lamb εχοντεϲ:having εκαϲτοϲ:each κιθαραν:harp και:and φιαλαϲ:bowls χρυϲαϲ:golden γεμουϲαϲ:full θυμιαματων:of-incenses αι:which ειϲιν:are αι:the προϲευχαι:prayers των:of-the αγιων:saints (9) Και:And αδουϲιν:they-sing ωδην:song καινην:new λεγοντεϲ:saying Αξιοϲ:Worthy ει:are-You λαβειν:to-receive το:the βιβλιον:book και:and ανοιξαι:to-open ταϲ:the ϲφραγιδαϲ:seals αυτου:of-it οτι:because εϲφαγηϲ:you-were-slain και:and ηγοραϲαϲ:you-ransomed τω:for-the θεω:God εν:by τω:the αιματι:blood ϲου:of-you εκ:from παϲηϲ:every φυληϲ:tribe και:and γλωϲϲηϲ:tongue και:and λαου:people και:and εθνουϲ:nation (10) Και:And εποιηϲαϲ:you-made αυτουϲ:them τω:for-the θεω:God ημων:of-us βαϲιλειαν:kingdom και:and ιερειϲ:priests και:and βαϲιλευϲουϲιν:they-will-reign επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth (11) Και:And ειδον:I-saw και:and ηκουϲα:I-heard φωνην:voice αγγελων:of-angels πολλων:many κυκλω:around του:the θρονου:throne και:and των:of-the ζωων:living-creatures και:and των:of-the πρεϲβυτερων:elders και:and ην:was ο:the αριθμοϲ:number αυτων:of-them μυριαδεϲ:ten-thousands μυριαδων:of-ten-thousands και:and χιλιαδεϲ:thousands χιλιαδων:of-thousands (12) Λεγοντεϲ:Saying φωνη:with-voice μεγαλη:great Αξιον:Worthy εϲτιν:is το:the αρνιον:lamb το:the εϲφαγμενον:having-been-slain λαβειν:to-receive την:the δυναμιν:power και:and πλουτον:wealth και:and ϲοφιαν:wisdom και:and ιϲχυν:strength και:and τιμην:honor και:and δοξαν:glory και:and ευλογιαν:blessing (13) Και:And παν:every κτιϲμα:created-thing ο:which εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven και:and επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth και:and υποκατω:under τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth και:and επι:upon τηϲ:the θαλαϲϲηϲ:sea και:and τα:the-things εν:in αυτοιϲ:them παντα:all ηκουϲα:I-heard λεγονταϲ:saying τω:to-the καθημενω:One-sitting επι:upon τω:the θρονω:throne και:and τω:to-the αρνιω:lamb η:the ευλογια:blessing και:and η:the τιμη:honor και:and η:the δοξα:glory και:and το:the κρατοϲ:might ειϲ:unto τουϲ:the αιωναϲ:ages των:of-the αιωνων:ages (14) Και:And τα:the τεϲϲαρα:four ζωα:living-creatures ελεγον:were-saying Αμην:Amen και:and οι:the πρεϲβυτεροι:elders επεϲαν:fell και:and προϲεκυνηϲαν:did-obeisance
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 5:13 | καθημενω:One-sitting | [One-sitting] – God enthroned, to whom every created thing ascribes blessing, honour, glory and might together with the Lamb. |
| 5:14 | προϲεκυνηϲαν:did-obeisance | [did-obeisance] – the homage of the elders before God and the Lamb; the translation distinguishes the obeisance offered to the enthroned Lamb from the cultic worship that belongs to God alone. |
Revelation 6
(1) Και:And ειδον:I-saw οτε:when ηνοιξεν:opened το:the αρνιον:lamb μιαν:one εκ:of των:the επτα:seven ϲφραγιδων:seals και:and ηκουϲα:I-heard ενοϲ:one εκ:from των:the τεϲϲαρων:four ζωων:living-creatures λεγοντοϲ:saying ωϲ:like φωνη:voice βροντηϲ:thunder Ερχου:Come (2) Και:And ειδον:I-saw και:and ιδου:behold ιπποϲ:horse λευκοϲ:white και:and ο:the καθημενοϲ:one-sitting επ:upon αυτον:it εχων:having τοξον:bow και:and εδοθη:was-given αυτω:to-him ϲτεφανοϲ:crown και:and εξηλθεν:went-out νικων:overcoming και:and ινα:that νικηϲη:he-might-overcome (3) Και:And οτε:when ηνοιξεν:opened την:the ϲφραγιδα:seal την:the δευτεραν:second ηκουϲα:I-heard του:of-the δευτερου:second ζωου:living-creature λεγοντοϲ:saying Ερχου:Come (4) Και:And εξηλθεν:went-out αλλοϲ:another ιπποϲ:horse πυρροϲ:fiery-red και:and τω:to-the καθημενω:one-sitting επ:upon αυτον:it εδοθη:was-given αυτω:to-him λαβειν:to-take την:the ειρηνην:peace εκ:from τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth και:and ινα:that αλληλουϲ:one-another ϲφαξουϲιν:they-will-slaughter και:and εδοθη:was-given αυτω:to-him μαχαιρα:sword μεγαλη:great (5) Και:And οτε:when ηνοιξεν:opened την:the ϲφραγιδα:seal την:the τριτην:third ηκουϲα:I-heard του:of-the τριτου:third ζωου:living-creature λεγοντοϲ:saying Ερχου:Come και:and ειδον:I-saw και:and ιδου:behold ιπποϲ:horse μελαϲ:black και:and ο:the καθημενοϲ:one-sitting επ:upon αυτον:it εχων:having ζυγον:scale και:and εν:in τη:the χειρι:hand αυτου:of-him (6) Και:And ηκουϲα:I-heard ωϲ:like φωνην:voice εν:in μεϲω:midst των:of-the τεϲϲαρων:four ζωων:living-creatures λεγουϲαν:saying Χοινιξ:A-choinix ϲιτου:of-wheat δηναριου:for-a-denarius και:and τρειϲ:three χοινικεϲ:choinixes κριθων:of-barley δηναριου:for-a-denarius και:and το:the ελαιον:oil και:and τον:the οινον:wine μη:Do-not αδικηϲηϲ:harm (7) Και:And οτε:when ηνοιξεν:opened την:the ϲφραγιδα:seal την:the τεταρτην:fourth ηκουϲα:I-heard φωνην:voice του:of-the τεταρτου:fourth ζωου:living-creature λεγοντοϲ:saying Ερχου:Come (8) Και:And ειδον:I-saw και:and ιδου:behold ιπποϲ:horse χλωροϲ:pale-green και:and ο:the καθημενοϲ:one-sitting επανω:upon αυτου:it ονομα:name αυτω:to-him ο:the Θανατοϲ:Death και:and ο:the Αδηϲ:Hades ηκολουθει:was-following μετ:with αυτου:him και:and εδοθη:was-given αυτοιϲ:to-them εξουϲια:authority επι:over το:the τεταρτον:fourth τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth αποκτειναι:to-kill εν:by ρομφαια:sword και:and εν:by λιμω:famine και:and εν:by θανατω:pestilence και:and υπο:by των:the θηριων:beasts τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 6:2 | καθημενοϲ:one-sitting | [one-sitting] – the rider on the white horse, an agent within the judgment-sequence; the lowercased form distinguishes him from the enthroned God. |
| 6:4 | καθημενω:one-sitting | [one-sitting] – the rider on the fiery-red horse, to whom the great sword is given; distinguished from the enthroned God. |
| 6:5 | καθημενοϲ:one-sitting | [one-sitting] – the rider on the black horse, holding the scale. |
| 6:8 | καθημενοϲ:one-sitting | [one-sitting] – the rider called Death, followed by Hades; the lowercased form marks the agent within the judgment-sequence, distinct from the One enthroned. |
(9) Και:And οτε:when ηνοιξεν:opened την:the πεμπτην:fifth ϲφραγιδα:seal ειδον:I-saw υποκατω:underneath του:the θυϲιαϲτηριου:altar ταϲ:the ψυχαϲ:lives των:of-the εϲφαγμενων:ones-having-been-slain δια:because-of τον:the λογον:word του:of-the θεου:God και:and δια:because-of την:the μαρτυριαν:testimony ην:which ειχον:they-held (10) Και:And εκραξαν:they-cried-out φωνη:with-voice μεγαλη:great λεγοντεϲ:saying Εωϲ:Until ποτε:how-long ο:the Δεϲποτηϲ:Master ο:the αγιοϲ:holy και:and αληθινοϲ:true ου:not κρινειϲ:You-judge και:and εκδικειϲ:avenge το:the αιμα:blood ημων:of-us εκ:from των:of-the κατοικουντων:ones-dwelling επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth (11) Και:And εδοθη:was-given αυτοιϲ:to-them εκαϲτω:to-each ϲτολη:robe λευκη:white και:and ερρεθη:it-was-said αυτοιϲ:to-them ινα:that αναπαυϲονται:they-should-rest ετι:still χρονον:time μικρον:little εωϲ:until πληρωθωϲιν:should-be-fulfilled και:also οι:the ϲυνδουλοι:co-bondservants αυτων:of-them και:and οι:the αδελφοι:brothers αυτων:of-them οι:the μελλοντεϲ:being-about-to αποκτεννεϲθαι:to-be-killed ωϲ:as και:also αυτοι:they
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 6:9 | μαρτυριαν:testimony | [testimony] – the forensic attestation of the word of God and of Jesus, for which the slain lives had held fast. |
(12) Και:And ειδον:I-saw οτε:when ηνοιξεν:opened την:the ϲφραγιδα:seal την:the εκτην:sixth και:and ϲειϲμοϲ:earthquake μεγαϲ:great εγενετο:came-to-be και:and ο:the ηλιοϲ:sun εγενετο:became μελαϲ:black ωϲ:like ϲακκοϲ:sackcloth τριχινοϲ:of-hair και:and η:the ϲεληνη:moon ολη:whole εγενετο:became ωϲ:like αιμα:blood (13) Και:And οι:the αϲτερεϲ:stars του:of-the ουρανου:heaven επεϲαν:fell ειϲ:to την:the γην:earth ωϲ:as ϲυκη:fig-tree βαλλει:casts τουϲ:the ολυνθουϲ:unripe-figs αυτηϲ:of-it υπο:by ανεμου:wind μεγαλου:great ϲειομενη:being-shaken (14) Και:And ο:the ουρανοϲ:heaven απεχωριϲθη:was-split ωϲ:like βιβλιον:book ελιϲϲομενον:being-rolled-up και:and παν:every οροϲ:mountain και:and νηϲοϲ:island εκ:from των:the τοπων:places αυτων:of-them εκινηθηϲαν:were-moved (15) Και:And οι:the βαϲιλειϲ:kings τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth και:and οι:the μεγιϲτανεϲ:magnates και:and οι:the χιλιαρχοι:commanders και:and οι:the πλουϲιοι:rich και:and οι:the ιϲχυροι:strong και:and παϲ:every δουλοϲ:bondservant και:and ελευθεροϲ:free-person εκρυψαν:hid εαυτουϲ:themselves ειϲ:in τα:the ϲπηλαια:caves και:and ειϲ:in ταϲ:the πετραϲ:rocks των:of-the ορεων:mountains (16) Και:And λεγουϲιν:they-say τοιϲ:to-the ορεϲιν:mountains και:and ταιϲ:to-the πετραιϲ:rocks Πεϲετε:Fall εφ:upon ημαϲ:us και:and κρυψατε:hide ημαϲ:us απο:from προϲωπου:face του:of-the καθημενου:One-sitting επι:upon του:the θρονου:throne και:and απο:from τηϲ:the οργηϲ:wrath του:of-the αρνιου:lamb (17) Οτι:Because ηλθεν:came η:the ημερα:day η:the μεγαλη:great τηϲ:of-the οργηϲ:wrath αυτων:of-them και:and τιϲ:who δυναται:is-able ϲταθηναι:to-stand
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 6:16 | καθημενου:One-sitting | [One-sitting] – the enthroned God, before whose face the rulers of the earth call on the mountains to hide them. |
Revelation 7
(1) Μετα:After τουτο:this ειδον:I-saw τεϲϲαραϲ:four αγγελουϲ:angels εϲτωταϲ:standing επι:upon ταϲ:the τεϲϲαραϲ:four γωνιαϲ:corners τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth κρατουνταϲ:holding τουϲ:the τεϲϲαραϲ:four ανεμουϲ:winds τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth ινα:so-that μη:not πνεη:might-blow ανεμοϲ:wind επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth μητε:nor επι:upon τηϲ:the θαλαϲϲηϲ:sea μητε:nor επι:upon παν:any δενδρον:tree (2) Και:And ειδον:I-saw αλλον:another αγγελον:angel αναβαινοντα:coming-up απο:from ανατοληϲ:rising ηλιου:of-sun εχοντα:having ϲφραγιδα:seal θεου:of-God ζωντοϲ:living και:and εκραξεν:cried-out φωνη:with-voice μεγαλη:great τοιϲ:to-the τεϲϲαρϲιν:four αγγελοιϲ:angels οιϲ:to-whom εδοθη:it-was-given αυτοιϲ:to-them αδικηϲαι:to-harm την:the γην:earth και:and την:the θαλαϲϲαν:sea (3) Λεγων:Saying Μη:Do-not αδικηϲητε:harm την:the γην:earth μητε:nor την:the θαλαϲϲαν:sea μητε:nor τα:the δενδρα:trees αχρι:until ϲφραγιϲωμεν:we-shall-have-sealed τουϲ:the δουλουϲ:bondservants του:of-the θεου:God ημων:of-us επι:upon των:the μετωπων:foreheads αυτων:of-them (4) Και:And ηκουϲα:I-heard τον:the αριθμον:number των:of-the εϲφραγιϲμενων:ones-having-been-sealed εκατον:one-hundred τεϲϲερακοντα:forty τεϲϲαρεϲ:four χιλιαδεϲ:thousands εϲφραγιϲμενοι:sealed εκ:from παϲηϲ:every φυληϲ:tribe υιων:of-sons ιϲραηλ:of-Israel (5) Εκ:From φυληϲ:tribe ιουδα:of-Judah δωδεκα:twelve χιλιαδεϲ:thousands εϲφραγιϲμενοι:sealed εκ:from φυληϲ:tribe ρουβην:of-Reuben δωδεκα:twelve χιλιαδεϲ:thousands εκ:from φυληϲ:tribe γαδ:of-Gad δωδεκα:twelve χιλιαδεϲ:thousands (6) Εκ:From φυληϲ:tribe αϲηρ:of-Asher δωδεκα:twelve χιλιαδεϲ:thousands εκ:from φυληϲ:tribe νεφθαλιμ:of-Naphtali δωδεκα:twelve χιλιαδεϲ:thousands εκ:from φυληϲ:tribe μαναϲϲη:of-Manasseh δωδεκα:twelve χιλιαδεϲ:thousands (7) Εκ:From φυληϲ:tribe ϲυμεων:of-Simeon δωδεκα:twelve χιλιαδεϲ:thousands εκ:from φυληϲ:tribe λευι:of-Levi δωδεκα:twelve χιλιαδεϲ:thousands εκ:from φυληϲ:tribe ιϲϲαχαρ:of-Issachar δωδεκα:twelve χιλιαδεϲ:thousands (8) Εκ:From φυληϲ:tribe ζαβουλων:of-Zebulun δωδεκα:twelve χιλιαδεϲ:thousands εκ:from φυληϲ:tribe ιωϲηφ:of-Joseph δωδεκα:twelve χιλιαδεϲ:thousands εκ:from φυληϲ:tribe βενιαμιν:of-Benjamin δωδεκα:twelve χιλιαδεϲ:thousands εϲφραγιϲμενοι:sealed
(9) Μετα:After ταυτα:these-things ειδον:I-saw και:and ιδου:behold οχλοϲ:multitude πολυϲ:great ον:which αριθμηϲαι:to-count αυτον:it ουδειϲ:no-one εδυνατο:was-able εκ:from παντοϲ:every εθνουϲ:nation και:and φυλων:tribes και:and λαων:peoples και:and γλωϲϲων:tongues εϲτωτεϲ:standing ενωπιον:before του:the θρονου:throne και:and ενωπιον:before του:the αρνιου:lamb περιβεβλημενουϲ:having-clothed-themselves ϲτολαϲ:robes λευκαϲ:white και:and φοινικεϲ:palm-branches εν:in ταιϲ:the χερϲιν:hands αυτων:of-them (10) Και:And κραζουϲιν:they-cry-out φωνη:with-voice μεγαλη:great λεγοντεϲ:saying Η:The ϲωτηρια:salvation τω:to-the θεω:God ημων:of-us τω:to-the καθημενω:One-sitting επι:upon τω:the θρονω:throne και:and τω:to-the αρνιω:lamb (11) Και:And παντεϲ:all οι:the αγγελοι:angels ειϲτηκειϲαν:had-stood κυκλω:around του:the θρονου:throne και:and των:of-the πρεϲβυτερων:elders και:and των:of-the τεϲϲαρων:four ζωων:living-creatures και:and επεϲαν:fell ενωπιον:before του:the θρονου:throne επι:upon τα:the προϲωπα:faces αυτων:of-them και:and προϲεκυνηϲαν:worshipped τω:the θεω:God (12) Λεγοντεϲ:Saying Αμην:Amen η:the ευλογια:blessing και:and η:the δοξα:glory και:and η:the ϲοφια:wisdom και:and η:the ευχαριϲτια:thanksgiving και:and η:the τιμη:honor και:and η:the δυναμιϲ:power και:and η:the ιϲχυϲ:strength τω:to-the θεω:God ημων:of-us ειϲ:unto τουϲ:the αιωναϲ:ages των:of-the αιωνων:ages Αμην:Amen (13) Και:And απεκριθη:answered ειϲ:one εκ:from των:the πρεϲβυτερων:elders λεγων:saying μοι:to-me Ουτοι:These οι:the περιβεβλημενοι:ones-having-clothed-themselves ταϲ:the ϲτολαϲ:robes ταϲ:the λευκαϲ:white τινεϲ:who ειϲιν:are και:and ποθεν:from-where ηλθον:did-they-come (14) Και:And ειρηκα:I-have-said αυτω:to-him Κυριε:Sir μου:my ϲυ:You οιδαϲ:know και:and ειπεν:said μοι:to-me Ουτοι:These ειϲιν:are οι:the ερχομενοι:ones-coming εκ:from τηϲ:the θλιψεωϲ:tribulation τηϲ:the μεγαληϲ:great και:and επλυναν:washed ταϲ:the ϲτολαϲ:robes αυτων:of-them και:and ελευκαναν:made-white αυταϲ:them εν:in τω:the αιματι:blood του:of-the αρνιου:lamb (15) Δια:Because-of τουτο:this ειϲιν:they-are ενωπιον:before του:the θρονου:throne του:of-the θεου:God και:and λατρευουϲιν:offer-cultic-service αυτω:to-Him ημεραϲ:day και:and νυκτοϲ:night εν:in τω:the ναω:sanctuary αυτου:of-Him και:and ο:the καθημενοϲ:One-sitting επι:upon του:the θρονου:throne ϲκηνωϲει:will-tabernacle επ:over αυτουϲ:them (16) Ου:Not πειναϲουϲιν:they-will-hunger ετι:still ουδε:nor διψηϲουϲιν:they-will-thirst ετι:still ουδε:nor μη:not πεϲη:will-fall επ:upon αυτουϲ:them ο:the ηλιοϲ:sun ουδε:nor παν:any καυμα:scorching-heat (17) Οτι:Because το:the αρνιον:lamb το:the ανα:in μεϲον:midst του:of-the θρονου:throne ποιμανει:will-shepherd αυτουϲ:them και:and οδηγηϲει:will-lead αυτουϲ:them επι:to ζωηϲ:of-life πηγαϲ:springs υδατων:of-waters και:and εξαλειψει:will-wipe-away ο:the θεοϲ:God παν:every δακρυον:tear εκ:from των:the οφθαλμων:eyes αυτων:of-them
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 7:10 | καθημενω:One-sitting | [One-sitting] – the enthroned God, to whom the great multitude ascribes salvation; the capitalised form marks the distinction from the lowercased riders and agents that appear in the judgment-visions. |
| 7:11 | προϲεκυνηϲαν:worshipped | [worshipped] – the angels fall and render homage before God on the throne; the translation keeps this worship of God distinct from the obeisance shown to the lamb and to created agents. |
| 7:15 | λατρευουϲιν:offer-cultic-service | [offer-cultic-service] – the priestly service of the sanctuary rendered to God alone; the gloss conveys the cultic character of the service that belongs to the one God, keeping it distinct from the homage paid to created agents. |
| 7:15 | καθημενοϲ:One-sitting | [One-sitting] – God enthroned, who will tabernacle over his people; the capitalised form marks the enthroned God. |
Revelation 8
(1) Και:And οταν:when ηνοιξεν:opened την:the ϲφραγιδα:seal την:the εβδομην:seventh εγενετο:came-to-be ϲιγη:silence εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven ωϲ:as ημιωριον:half-hour (2) Και:And ειδον:I-saw τουϲ:the επτα:seven αγγελουϲ:angels οι:who ενωπιον:before του:the θεου:God εϲτηκαϲιν:have-stood και:and εδοθηϲαν:were-given αυτοιϲ:to-them επτα:seven ϲαλπιγγεϲ:trumpets (3) Και:And αλλοϲ:another αγγελοϲ:angel ηλθεν:came και:and εϲταθη:stood επι:at του:the θυϲιαϲτηριου:altar εχων:having λιβανωτον:censer χρυϲουν:golden και:and εδοθη:was-given αυτω:to-him θυμιαματα:incenses πολλα:many ινα:that δωϲει:he-will-give ταιϲ:to-the προϲευχαιϲ:prayers των:of-the αγιων:saints παντων:all επι:upon το:the θυϲιαϲτηριον:altar το:the χρυϲουν:golden το:the ενωπιον:before του:the θρονου:throne (4) Και:And ανεβη:went-up ο:the καπνοϲ:smoke των:of-the θυμιαματων:incenses ταιϲ:to-the προϲευχαιϲ:prayers των:of-the αγιων:saints εκ:from χειροϲ:hand του:of-the αγγελου:angel ενωπιον:before του:the θεου:God (5) Και:And ειληφεν:has-taken ο:the αγγελοϲ:angel τον:the λιβανωτον:censer και:and εγεμιϲεν:filled αυτον:it εκ:from του:the πυροϲ:fire του:of-the θυϲιαϲτηριου:altar και:and εβαλεν:cast ειϲ:into την:the γην:earth και:and εγενοντο:came-to-be βρονται:thunders και:and φωναι:voices και:and αϲτραπαι:lightnings και:and ϲειϲμοϲ:earthquake (6) Και:And οι:the επτα:seven αγγελοι:angels οι:the εχοντεϲ:having ταϲ:the επτα:seven ϲαλπιγγαϲ:trumpets ητοιμαϲαν:prepared αυτουϲ:themselves ινα:that ϲαλπιϲωϲιν:they-might-trumpet
(7) Και:And ο:the πρωτοϲ:first εϲαλπιϲεν:trumpeted και:and εγενετο:came-to-be χαλαζα:hail και:and πυρ:fire μεμιγμενα:mixed εν:in αιματι:blood και:and εβληθη:was-cast ειϲ:to την:the γην:earth και:and το:the τριτον:third τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth κατεκαη:was-burned-up και:and το:the τριτον:third των:of-the δενδρων:trees κατεκαη:was-burned-up και:and παϲ:all χορτοϲ:grass χλωροϲ:green κατεκαη:was-burned-up (8) Και:And ο:the δευτεροϲ:second αγγελοϲ:angel εϲαλπιϲεν:trumpeted και:and ωϲ:like οροϲ:mountain μεγα:great πυρι:with-fire καιομενον:burning εβληθη:was-cast ειϲ:into την:the θαλαϲϲαν:sea και:and εγενετο:became το:the τριτον:third τηϲ:of-the θαλαϲϲηϲ:sea αιμα:blood (9) Και:And απεθανεν:died το:the τριτον:third των:of-the κτιϲματων:created-things των:the εν:in τη:the θαλαϲϲη:sea τα:the εχοντα:having ψυχαϲ:lives και:and το:the τριτον:third των:of-the πλοιων:ships διεφθαρηϲαν:were-destroyed (10) Και:And ο:the τριτοϲ:third αγγελοϲ:angel εϲαλπιϲεν:trumpeted και:and επεϲεν:fell εκ:from του:the ουρανου:heaven αϲτηρ:star μεγαϲ:great καιομενοϲ:burning ωϲ:like λαμπαϲ:torch και:and επεϲεν:fell επι:upon το:the τριτον:third των:of-the ποταμων:rivers και:and επι:upon ταϲ:the πηγαϲ:springs των:of-the υδατων:waters (11) Και:And το:the ονομα:name του:of-the αϲτεροϲ:star λεγεται:is-called ο:the αψινθοϲ:Wormwood και:and εγενετο:became το:the τριτον:third των:of-the υδατων:waters ειϲ:into αψινθον:wormwood και:and πολλοι:many των:of-the ανθρωπων:men απεθανον:died εκ:from των:the υδατων:waters οτι:because επικρανθηϲαν:they-were-made-bitter (12) Και:And ο:the τεταρτοϲ:fourth αγγελοϲ:angel εϲαλπιϲεν:trumpeted και:and επληγη:was-struck το:the τριτον:third του:of-the ηλιου:sun και:and το:the τριτον:third τηϲ:of-the ϲεληνηϲ:moon και:and το:the τριτον:third των:of-the αϲτερων:stars ινα:so-that ϲκοτιϲθη:might-be-darkened το:the τριτον:third αυτων:of-them και:and η:the ημερα:day μη:not φανη:might-shine το:the τριτον:third αυτηϲ:of-it και:and η:the νυξ:night ομοιωϲ:likewise (13) Και:And ειδον:I-saw και:and ηκουϲα:I-heard ενοϲ:one αετου:eagle πετομενου:flying εν:in μεϲουρανηματι:mid-heaven λεγοντοϲ:saying φωνη:with-voice μεγαλη:great Ουαι:Woe ουαι:woe ουαι:woe τουϲ:to-the κατοικουνταϲ:ones-dwelling επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth εκ:from των:of-the λοιπων:remaining φωνων:sounds τηϲ:of-the ϲαλπιγγοϲ:trumpet των:of-the τριων:three αγγελων:angels των:the μελλοντων:being-about-to ϲαλπιζειν:to-trumpet
Revelation 9
(1) Και:And ο:the πεμπτοϲ:fifth αγγελοϲ:angel εϲαλπιϲεν:trumpeted και:and ειδον:I-saw αϲτερα:star εκ:from του:the ουρανου:heaven πεπτωκοτα:having-fallen ειϲ:to την:the γην:earth και:and εδοθη:was-given αυτω:to-him η:the κλειϲ:key του:of-the φρεατοϲ:shaft τηϲ:of-the αβυϲϲου:abyss (2) Και:And ηνοιξεν:opened το:the φρεαρ:shaft τηϲ:of-the αβυϲϲου:abyss και:and ανεβη:went-up καπνοϲ:smoke εκ:from του:the φρεατοϲ:shaft ωϲ:like καπνοϲ:smoke καμινου:furnace μεγαληϲ:great και:and εϲκοτωθη:was-darkened ο:the ηλιοϲ:sun και:and ο:the αηρ:air εκ:from του:the καπνου:smoke του:of-the φρεατοϲ:shaft (3) Και:And εκ:from του:the καπνου:smoke εξηλθον:came-out ακριδεϲ:locusts ειϲ:to την:the γην:earth και:and εδοθη:was-given αυταιϲ:to-them εξουϲια:authority ωϲ:as εχουϲιν:have εξουϲιαν:authority οι:the ϲκορπιοι:scorpions τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth (4) Και:And ερρεθη:it-was-said αυταιϲ:to-them ινα:that μη:not αδικηϲουϲιν:they-should-harm τον:the χορτον:grass τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth ουδε:nor παν:any χλωρον:green-thing ουδε:nor παν:any δενδρον:tree ει-μη:except τουϲ:the ανθρωπουϲ:men οιτινεϲ:who ουκ:not εχουϲιν:have την:the ϲφραγιδα:seal του:of-the θεου:God επι:upon των:the μετωπων:foreheads (5) Και:And εδοθη:was-given αυτοιϲ:to-them ινα:that μη:not αποκτεινωϲιν:they-should-kill αυτουϲ:them αλλ:but ινα:that βαϲανιϲθηϲονται:they-will-be-tormented μηναϲ:months πεντε:five και:and ο:the βαϲανιϲμοϲ:torment αυτων:of-them ωϲ:like βαϲανιϲμοϲ:torment ϲκορπιου:of-scorpion οταν:when παιϲη:strikes ανθρωπον:a-man (6) Και:And εν:in ταιϲ:the ημεραιϲ:days εκειναιϲ:those ζητηϲουϲιν:will-seek οι:the ανθρωποι:men τον:the θανατον:death και:and ου-μη:not-at-all ευρηϲουϲιν:they-will-find αυτον:it και:and επιθυμηϲουϲιν:they-will-long αποθανειν:to-die και:and φευγει:flees ο:the θανατοϲ:death απ:from αυτων:them (7) Και:And τα:the ομοιωματα:likenesses των:of-the ακριδων:locusts ομοια:like ιπποιϲ:horses ητοιμαϲμενοιϲ:having-been-prepared ειϲ:for πολεμον:war και:and επι:upon ταϲ:the κεφαλαϲ:heads αυτων:of-them ωϲ:like ϲτεφανοι:crowns ομοιοι:like χρυϲω:gold και:and τα:the προϲωπα:faces αυτων:of-them ωϲ:like προϲωπα:faces ανθρωπων:of-men (8) Και:And ειχον:they-had τριχαϲ:hair ωϲ:like τριχαϲ:hair γυναικων:of-women και:and οι:the οδοντεϲ:teeth αυτων:of-them ωϲ:like λεοντων:of-lions ηϲαν:were (9) Και:And ειχον:they-had θωρακαϲ:breastplates ωϲ:like θωρακαϲ:breastplates ϲιδηρουϲ:of-iron και:and η:the φωνη:sound των:of-the πτερυγων:wings αυτων:of-them ωϲ:like φωνη:sound αρματων:of-chariots ιππων:of-horses πολλων:many τρεχοντων:running ειϲ:to πολεμον:war (10) Και:And εχουϲιν:they-have ουραϲ:tails ομοιαϲ:like ϲκορπιοιϲ:scorpions και:and κεντρα:stings και:and εν:in ταιϲ:the ουραιϲ:tails αυτων:of-them η:the εξουϲια:authority αυτων:of-them αδικηϲαι:to-harm τουϲ:the ανθρωπουϲ:men μηναϲ:months πεντε:five (11) Εχουϲιν:They-have επ:over αυτων:them βαϲιλεα:king τον:the αγγελον:angel τηϲ:of-the αβυϲϲου:abyss ονομα:name αυτω:to-him εβραιϲτι:in-Hebrew Αβαδδων:Abaddon και:and εν:in τη:the ελληνικη:Greek ονομα:name εχει:he-has Απολλυων:Destroyer (12) Η:The ουαι:woe η:the μια:one απηλθεν:passed ιδου:behold ερχεται:comes ετι:still δυο:two ουαι:woes μετα:after ταυτα:these-things
(13) Και:And ο:the εκτοϲ:sixth αγγελοϲ:angel εϲαλπιϲεν:trumpeted και:and ηκουϲα:I-heard φωνην:voice μιαν:one εκ:from των:the τεϲϲαρων:four κερατων:horns του:of-the θυϲιαϲτηριου:altar του:the χρυϲου:golden του:the ενωπιον:before του:the θεου:God (14) Λεγοντα:Saying τω:to-the εκτω:sixth αγγελω:angel ο:the-one εχων:having την:the ϲαλπιγγα:trumpet Λυϲον:Loose τουϲ:the τεϲϲαραϲ:four αγγελουϲ:angels τουϲ:the δεδεμενουϲ:ones-having-been-bound επι:upon τω:the ποταμω:river τω:the μεγαλω:great Ευφρατη:Euphrates (15) Και:And ελυθηϲαν:were-loosed οι:the τεϲϲαρεϲ:four αγγελοι:angels οι:the ητοιμαϲμενοι:ones-having-been-prepared ειϲ:for την:the ωραν:hour και:and ημεραν:day και:and μηνα:month και:and ενιαυτον:year ινα:that αποκτεινωϲιν:they-should-kill το:the τριτον:third των:of-the ανθρωπων:men (16) Και:And ο:the αριθμοϲ:number των:of-the ϲτρατευματων:armies του:of-the ιππικου:cavalry διϲμυριαδεϲ:two-myriads μυριαδων:of-myriads ηκουϲα:I-heard τον:the αριθμον:number αυτων:of-them (17) Και:And ουτωϲ:thus ειδον:I-saw τουϲ:the ιππουϲ:horses εν:in τη:the οραϲει:vision και:and τουϲ:the καθημενουϲ:ones-sitting επ:upon αυτων:them εχονταϲ:having θωρακαϲ:breastplates πυρινουϲ:fiery και:and υακινθινουϲ:hyacinth και:and θειωδειϲ:sulfurous και:and αι:the κεφαλαι:heads των:of-the ιππων:horses ωϲ:like κεφαλαι:heads λεοντων:of-lions και:and εκ:from των:the ϲτοματων:mouths αυτων:of-them εκπορευεται:goes-out πυρ:fire και:and καπνοϲ:smoke και:and θειον:sulfur (18) Απο:By των:the τριων:three πληγων:plagues τουτων:these απεκτανθηϲαν:were-killed το:the τριτον:third των:of-the ανθρωπων:men εκ:by του:the πυροϲ:fire και:and του:the καπνου:smoke και:and του:the θειου:sulfur του:the εκπορευομενου:going-out εκ:from των:the ϲτοματων:mouths αυτων:of-them (19) Η:For the γαρ:for εξουϲια:authority των:of-the ιππων:horses εν:in τω:the ϲτοματι:mouth αυτων:of-them εϲτιν:is και:and εν:in ταιϲ:the ουραιϲ:tails αυτων:of-them αι:for the γαρ:for ουραι:tails αυτων:of-them ομοιαι:like οφεϲιν:serpents εχουϲαι:having κεφαλαϲ:heads και:and εν:in αυταιϲ:them αδικουϲιν:they-harm (20) Και:And οι:the λοιποι:remaining των:of-the ανθρωπων:men οι:the ουκ:not απεκτανθηϲαν:were-killed εν:in ταιϲ:the πληγαιϲ:plagues ταυταιϲ:these ουδε:neither μετενοηϲαν:they-repented εκ:from των:the εργων:works των:of-the χειρων:hands αυτων:of-them ινα:that μη:not προϲκυνηϲουϲιν:they-should-worship τα:the δαιμονια:demons και:and τα:the ειδωλα:idols τα:the χρυϲα:golden και:and τα:the αργυρα:silver και:and τα:the χαλκα:bronze και:and τα:the λιθινα:stone και:and τα:the ξυλινα:wooden α:which ουτε:neither βλεπειν:to-see δυνανται:they-are-able ουτε:nor ακουειν:to-hear ουτε:nor περιπατειν:to-walk (21) Και:And ου:not μετενοηϲαν:they-repented εκ:from των:the φονων:murders αυτων:of-them ουτε:nor εκ:from των:the φαρμακων:sorceries αυτων:of-them ουτε:nor εκ:from τηϲ:the πορνειαϲ:fornication αυτων:of-them ουτε:nor εκ:from των:the κλεμματων:thefts αυτων:of-them
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 9:17 | καθημενουϲ:ones-sitting | [ones-sitting] – the riders mounted on the judgment-horses; the lowercased plural form keeps these agents of the plague-sequence distinct from the One enthroned in heaven, whose seat alone bears the capitalised title. |
| 9:20 | προϲκυνηϲουϲιν:they-should-worship | [should-worship] – the text names the homage that is wrongly given to demons and carved idols; the chosen gloss conveys that false worship directly, so that the same word elsewhere directed to God retains its full weight and the worship-boundary remains sharp. |
Revelation 10
(1) Και:And ειδον:I-saw αλλον:another αγγελον:angel ιϲχυρον:mighty καταβαινοντα:coming-down εκ:from του:the ουρανου:heaven περιβεβλημενον:having-clothed-himself νεφελην:cloud και:and η:the ιριϲ:rainbow επι:upon τηϲ:the κεφαληϲ:head αυτου:of-him και:and το:the προϲωπον:face αυτου:of-him ωϲ:like ο:the ηλιοϲ:sun και:and οι:the ποδεϲ:feet αυτου:of-him ωϲ:like ϲτυλοι:pillars πυροϲ:of-fire (2) Και:And εχων:having εν:in τη:the χειρι:hand αυτου:of-him βιβλαριδιον:little-book ηνεωγμενον:having-been-opened και:and εθηκεν:placed τον:the ποδα:foot αυτου:of-him τον:the δεξιον:right επι:upon τηϲ:the θαλαϲϲηϲ:sea τον:the δε:and ευωνυμον:left επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth (3) Και:And εκραξεν:cried-out φωνη:with-voice μεγαλη:great ωϲπερ:as λεων:lion μυκαται:roars και:and οτε:when εκραξεν:he-cried-out ελαληϲαν:spoke αι:the επτα:seven βρονται:thunders ταϲ:the εαυτων:their φωναϲ:voices (4) Και:And οτε:when ελαληϲαν:spoke αι:the επτα:seven βρονται:thunders ημελλον:I-was-about-to γραφειν:to-write και:and ηκουϲα:I-heard φωνην:voice εκ:from του:the ουρανου:heaven λεγουϲαν:saying ϲφραγιϲον:Seal α:the-things ελαληϲαν:spoke αι:the επτα:seven βρονται:thunders και:and μη:not αυτα:them γραψηϲ:you-should-write (5) Και:And ο:the αγγελοϲ:angel ον:whom ειδον:I-saw εϲτωτα:standing επι:upon τηϲ:the θαλαϲϲηϲ:sea και:and επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth ηρεν:raised την:the χειρα:hand αυτου:of-him την:the δεξιαν:right ειϲ:to τον:the ουρανον:heaven (6) Και:And ωμοϲεν:swore εν:by τω:the ζωντι:living-One ειϲ:unto τουϲ:the αιωναϲ:ages των:of-the αιωνων:ages οϲ:who εκτιϲεν:created τον:the ουρανον:heaven και:and τα:the-things εν:in αυτω:it και:and την:the γην:earth και:and τα:the-things εν:in αυτη:it και:and την:the θαλαϲϲαν:sea και:and τα:the-things εν:in αυτη:it οτι:that χρονοϲ:time ουκετι:no-longer εϲται:will-be (7) Αλλ:But εν:in ταιϲ:the ημεραιϲ:days τηϲ:of-the φωνηϲ:voice του:of-the εβδομου:seventh αγγελου:angel οταν:when μελλη:he-is-about-to ϲαλπιζειν:to-trumpet και:and ετελεϲθη:is-completed το:the μυϲτηριον:mystery του:of-the θεου:God ωϲ:as ευηγγελιϲεν:He-announced-glad-tidings τουϲ:to-the εαυτου:His-own δουλουϲ:bondservants τουϲ:the προφηταϲ:prophets
(8) Και:And η:the φωνη:voice ην:which ηκουϲα:I-heard εκ:from του:the ουρανου:heaven παλιν:again λαλουϲαν:speaking μετ:with εμου:me και:and λεγουϲαν:saying Υπαγε:Go λαβε:take το:the βιβλιον:book το:the ηνεωγμενον:having-been-opened εν:in τη:the χειρι:hand του:of-the αγγελου:angel του:the εϲτωτοϲ:standing επι:upon τηϲ:the θαλαϲϲηϲ:sea και:and επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth (9) Και:And απηλθα:I-went προϲ:to τον:the αγγελον:angel λεγων:saying αυτω:to-him Δουναι:To-give μοι:me το:the βιβλαριδιον:little-book και:and λεγει:says μοι:to-me Λαβε:Take και:and καταφαγε:devour αυτο:it και:and πικρανει:will-bitter ϲου:of-you την:the κοιλιαν:belly αλλ:but εν:in τω:the ϲτοματι:mouth ϲου:of-you εϲται:will-be γλυκυ:sweet ωϲ:like μελι:honey (10) Και:And ελαβον:I-took το:the βιβλαριδιον:little-book εκ:from τηϲ:the χειροϲ:hand του:of-the αγγελου:angel και:and κατεφαγον:devoured αυτο:it και:and ην:was εν:in τω:the ϲτοματι:mouth μου:of-me ωϲ:like μελι:honey γλυκυ:sweet και:and οτε:when εφαγον:I-ate αυτο:it επικρανθη:was-bittered η:the κοιλια:belly μου:of-me (11) Και:And λεγουϲιν:they-say μοι:to-me Δει:It-is-necessary ϲε:you παλιν:again προφητευϲαι:to-prophesy επι:over λαοιϲ:peoples και:and εθνεϲιν:nations και:and γλωϲϲαιϲ:tongues και:and βαϲιλευϲιν:kings πολλοιϲ:many
Revelation 11
(1) Και:And εδοθη:was-given μοι:to-me καλαμοϲ:rod ομοιοϲ:like ραβδω:a-staff λεγων:saying Εγειρε:Arise και:and μετρηϲον:measure τον:the ναον:sanctuary του:of-the θεου:God και:and το:the θυϲιαϲτηριον:altar και:and τουϲ:the προϲκυνουνταϲ:ones-doing-obeisance εν:in αυτω:it (2) Και:And την:the αυλην:court την:the εξωθεν:outside του:of-the ναου:sanctuary εκβαλε:Cast-out εξωθεν:outside και:and μη:not αυτην:it μετρηϲηϲ:measure οτι:because εδοθη:was-given τοιϲ:to-the εθνεϲιν:nations και:and την:the πολιν:city την:the αγιαν:holy πατηϲουϲιν:they-will-trample μηναϲ:months τεϲϲερακοντα:forty και:and δυο:two (3) Και:And δωϲω:I-will-give τοιϲ:to-the δυϲιν:two μαρτυϲιν:witnesses μου:of-me και:and προφητευϲουϲιν:they-will-prophesy ημεραϲ:days χιλιαϲ:one-thousand διακοϲιαϲ:two-hundred εξηκοντα:sixty περιβεβλημενοι:having-clothed-themselves ϲακκουϲ:sackcloths (4) Ουτοι:These ειϲιν:are αι:the δυο:two ελαιαι:olive-trees και:and αι:the δυο:two λυχνιαι:lampstands αι:the ενωπιον:before του:the κυριου:Lord τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth εϲτωτεϲ:standing (5) Και:And ει:if τιϲ:anyone αυτουϲ:them θελει:wills αδικηϲαι:to-harm πυρ:fire εκπορευεται:goes-out εκ:from του:the ϲτοματοϲ:mouth αυτων:of-them και:and κατεϲθιει:devours τουϲ:the εχθρουϲ:enemies αυτων:of-them και:and ει:if τιϲ:anyone θεληϲη:should-will αυτουϲ:them αδικηϲαι:to-harm ουτωϲ:thus δει:it-is-necessary αυτον:him αποκτανθηναι:to-be-killed (6) Ουτοι:These εχουϲιν:have την:the εξουϲιαν:authority κλειϲαι:to-shut τον:the ουρανον:heaven ινα:so-that μη:not υετοϲ:rain βρεχη:falls ταϲ:the ημεραϲ:days τηϲ:of-the προφητειαϲ:prophecy αυτων:of-them και:and εξουϲιαν:authority εχουϲιν:they-have επι:over των:the υδατων:waters ϲτρεφειν:to-turn αυτα:them ειϲ:into αιμα:blood και:and παταξαι:to-strike την:the γην:earth εν:with παϲη:every πληγη:plague οϲακιϲ:as-often-as εαν:ever θεληϲωϲιν:they-should-will
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 11:1 | προϲκυνουνταϲ:ones-doing-obeisance | [ones-doing-obeisance] – the posture of bowing in homage within the measured sanctuary; the book-wide translation convention renders the gestured act of reverence by its context. |
| 11:3 | μαρτυϲιν:witnesses | [witnesses] – the two prophet-figures who attest God’s word; the established gloss is a forensic term of public attestation. |
| 11:4 | λυχνιαι:lampstands | [lampstands] – the two tabernacle-furnishings standing before the Lord of the earth; the established gloss keeps the furnishing-term throughout the book. |
(7) Και:And οταν:when τελεϲωϲιν:they-shall-complete την:the μαρτυριαν:testimony αυτων:of-them το:the θηριον:beast το:the αναβαινον:coming-up εκ:out-of τηϲ:the αβυϲϲου:abyss ποιηϲει:will-make μετ:with αυτων:them πολεμον:war και:and νικηϲει:will-overcome αυτουϲ:them και:and αποκτενει:will-kill αυτουϲ:them (8) Και:And το:the πτωμα:corpse αυτων:of-them επι:upon τηϲ:the πλατειαϲ:street τηϲ:of-the πολεωϲ:city τηϲ:the μεγαληϲ:great ητιϲ:which καλειται:is-called πνευματικωϲ:spiritually ϲοδομα:Sodom και:and αιγυπτοϲ:Egypt οπου:where και:and ο:the κυριοϲ:lord αυτων:of-them εϲταυρωθη:was-crucified (9) Και:And βλεπουϲιν:look εις:at εκ:from των:the λαων:peoples και:and φυλων:tribes και:and γλωϲϲων:tongues και:and εθνων:nations το:the πτωμα:corpse αυτων:of-them ημεραϲ:days τρειϲ:three και:and ημιϲυ:half και:and τα:the πτωματα:corpses αυτων:of-them ουκ:not αφιουϲιν:they-allow τεθηναι:to-be-placed ειϲ:into μνημα:tomb (10) Και:And οι:the κατοικουντεϲ:ones-dwelling επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth χαιρουϲιν:rejoice επ:over αυτοιϲ:them και:and ευφραινονται:celebrate και:and δωρα:gifts πεμψουϲιν:will-send αλληλοιϲ:to-one-another οτι:because ουτοι:these οι:the δυο:two προφηται:prophets εβαϲανιϲαν:tormented τουϲ:the κατοικουνταϲ:ones-dwelling επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth (11) Και:And μετα:after ταϲ:the τρειϲ:three ημεραϲ:days και:and ημιϲυ:half πνευμα:spirit ζωηϲ:of-life εκ:from του:the θεου:God ειϲηλθεν:entered εν:in αυτοιϲ:them και:and εϲτηϲαν:they-stood επι:upon τουϲ:the ποδαϲ:feet αυτων:of-them και:and φοβοϲ:fear μεγαϲ:great επεπεϲεν:fell επι:upon τουϲ:the θεωρουνταϲ:ones-watching αυτουϲ:them (12) Και:And ηκουϲαν:they-heard φωνηϲ:voice μεγαληϲ:great εκ:from του:the ουρανου:heaven λεγουϲηϲ:saying αυτοιϲ:to-them Αναβατε:Come-up ωδε:here και:and ανεβηϲαν:they-went-up ειϲ:into τον:the ουρανον:heaven εν:in τη:the νεφελη:cloud και:and εθεωρηϲαν:beheld αυτουϲ:them οι:the εχθροι:enemies αυτων:of-them (13) Και:And εν:in εκεινη:that τη:the ωρα:hour εγενετο:came-to-be ϲειϲμοϲ:earthquake μεγαϲ:great και:and το:the δεκατον:tenth τηϲ:of-the πολεωϲ:city επεϲεν:fell και:and απεκτανθηϲαν:were-killed εν:in τω:the ϲειϲμω:earthquake ονοματα:names ανθρωπων:of-men χιλιαδεϲ:thousands επτα:seven και:and οι:the λοιποι:rest εμφοβοι:terrified εγενοντο:became και:and εδωκαν:gave δοξαν:glory τω:to-the θεω:God του:of-the ουρανου:heaven (14) Η:The ουαι:woe η:the δευτερα:second απηλθεν:passed ιδου:behold η:the ουαι:woe η:the τριτη:third ερχεται:comes ταχυ:quickly
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 11:7 | μαρτυριαν:testimony | [testimony] – the forensic attestation that the beast from the abyss makes war against; the established gloss conveys its public, witness-bearing character. |
| 11:11 | πνευμα:spirit | [spirit] – the spirit of life from God entering the two witnesses; lowercased in line with the book-wide convention of rendering the spirit as God’s empowering presence. |
(15) Και:And ο:the εβδομοϲ:seventh αγγελοϲ:angel εϲαλπιϲεν:trumpeted και:and εγενοντο:came-to-be φωναι:voices μεγαλαι:great εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven λεγοντεϲ:saying Εγενετο:Has-become η:the βαϲιλεια:kingdom του:of-the κοϲμου:world του:of-the κυριου:Lord ημων:of-us και:and του:of-the χριϲτου:Christ αυτου:of-Him και:and βαϲιλευϲει:He-will-reign ειϲ:unto τουϲ:the αιωναϲ:ages των:of-the αιωνων:ages (16) Και:And οι:the εικοϲι:twenty τεϲϲαρεϲ:four πρεϲβυτεροι:elders οι:the ενωπιον:before του:the θεου:God καθημενοι:sitting επι:upon τουϲ:the θρονουϲ:thrones αυτων:of-them επεϲαν:fell επι:upon τα:the προϲωπα:faces αυτων:of-them και:and προϲεκυνηϲαν:worshipped τω:the θεω:God (17) Λεγοντεϲ:Saying Ευχαριϲτουμεν:We-give-thanks ϲοι:to-You Κυριε:Lord ο:the Θεοϲ:God ο:the Παντοκρατωρ:Almighty ο:the-One ων:being και:and ο:the-One ην:was οτι:because ειληφαϲ:You-have-taken την:the δυναμιν:power ϲου:of-You την:the μεγαλην:great και:and εβαϲιλευϲαϲ:You-began-to-reign (18) Και:And τα:the εθνη:nations ωργιϲθηϲαν:raged και:and ηλθεν:came η:the οργη:wrath ϲου:of-You και:and ο:the καιροϲ:season των:of-the νεκρων:dead κριθηναι:to-be-judged και:and δουναι:to-give τον:the μιϲθον:reward τοιϲ:to-the δουλοιϲ:bondservants ϲου:of-You τοιϲ:the προφηταιϲ:prophets και:and τοιϲ:the αγιοιϲ:saints και:and τοιϲ:to-the φοβουμενοιϲ:ones-fearing το:the ονομα:name ϲου:of-You τουϲ:the μικρουϲ:small και:and τουϲ:the μεγαλουϲ:great και:and διαφθειραι:to-destroy τουϲ:the διαφθειρονταϲ:ones-destroying την:the γην:earth (19) Και:And ηνοιγη:was-opened ο:the ναοϲ:sanctuary του:of-the θεου:God ο:the εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven και:and ωφθη:was-seen η:the κιβωτοϲ:ark τηϲ:of-the διαθηκηϲ:covenant αυτου:of-Him εν:in τω:the ναω:sanctuary αυτου:of-Him και:and εγενοντο:came-to-be αϲτραπαι:lightnings και:and φωναι:voices και:and βρονται:thunders και:and ϲειϲμοϲ:earthquake και:and χαλαζα:hail μεγαλη:great
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 11:16 | προϲεκυνηϲαν:worshipped | [worshipped] – the twenty-four elders fall on their faces and worship God, the one enthroned; the worship-word in the translation is given to the one God. |
Revelation 12
(1) Και:And ϲημειον:sign μεγα:great ωφθη:was-seen εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven γυνη:woman περιβεβλημενη:having-clothed-herself τον:the ηλιον:sun και:and η:the ϲεληνη:moon υποκατω:underneath των:the ποδων:feet αυτηϲ:of-her και:and επι:upon τηϲ:the κεφαληϲ:head αυτηϲ:of-her ϲτεφανοϲ:crown αϲτερων:of-stars δωδεκα:twelve (2) Και:And εν:in γαϲτρι:womb εχουϲα:having και:and κραζει:cries-out ωδινουϲα:suffering-birth-pangs και:and βαϲανιζομενη:being-tormented τεκειν:to-give-birth (3) Και:And ωφθη:was-seen αλλο:another ϲημειον:sign εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven και:and ιδου:behold δρακων:dragon μεγαϲ:great πυρροϲ:fiery-red εχων:having κεφαλαϲ:heads επτα:seven και:and κερατα:horns δεκα:ten και:and επι:upon ταϲ:the κεφαλαϲ:heads αυτου:of-him επτα:seven διαδηματα:diadems (4) Και:And η:the ουρα:tail αυτου:of-him ϲυρει:drags το:the τριτον:third των:of-the αϲτερων:stars του:of-the ουρανου:heaven και:and εβαλεν:cast αυτουϲ:them ειϲ:to την:the γην:earth και:and ο:the δρακων:dragon εϲτηκεν:has-stood ενωπιον:before τηϲ:the γυναικοϲ:woman τηϲ:the μελλουϲηϲ:being-about-to τεκειν:to-give-birth ινα:so-that οταν:when τεκη:she-gives-birth το:the τεκνον:child αυτηϲ:of-her καταφαγη:he-might-devour (5) Και:And ετεκεν:she-gave-birth υιον:a-son αρϲεν:male οϲ:who μελλει:is-about-to ποιμαινειν:to-shepherd παντα:all τα:the εθνη:nations εν:with ραβδω:rod ϲιδηρα:of-iron και:and ηρπαϲθη:was-snatched-up το:the τεκνον:child αυτηϲ:of-her προϲ:to τον:the θεον:God και:and προϲ:to τον:the θρονον:throne αυτου:of-Him (6) Και:And η:the γυνη:woman εφυγεν:fled ειϲ:into την:the ερημον:wilderness οπου:where εχει:has εκει:there τοπον:place ητοιμαϲμενον:having-been-prepared απο:from του:the θεου:God ινα:so-that εκει:there τρεφωϲιν:they-might-nourish αυτην:her ημεραϲ:days χιλιαϲ:one-thousand διακοϲιαϲ:two-hundred εξηκοντα:sixty
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 12:1 | γυνη:woman | [woman] – the visionary mother of the messianic child; the book’s figure-map keeps the plain designation “woman” for this Zion-figure. |
| 12:4 | γυναικοϲ:woman | [woman] – the same Zion-figure, watched by the dragon as she is about to give birth; the plain designation is retained. |
| 12:6 | γυνη:woman | [woman] – the woman who flees into the wilderness to the place prepared for her by God; the designation continues to mark the Zion-figure. |
(7) Και:And εγενετο:came-to-be πολεμοϲ:war εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven ο:the Μιχαηλ:Michael και:and οι:the αγγελοι:angels αυτου:of-him του:to πολεμηϲαι:war μετα:with του:the δρακοντοϲ:dragon και:and ο:the δρακων:dragon επολεμηϲεν:warred και:and οι:the αγγελοι:angels αυτου:of-him (8) Και:And ουκ:not ιϲχυϲεν:prevailed ουδε:nor τοποϲ:place ευρεθη:was-found αυτων:of-them ετι:still εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven (9) Και:And εβληθη:was-cast ο:the δρακων:dragon ο:the μεγαϲ:great ο:the οφιϲ:serpent ο:the αρχαιοϲ:ancient ο:the καλουμενοϲ:being-called Διαβολοϲ:Devil και:and ο:the ϲαταναϲ:Adversary ο:the πλανων:leading-astray την:the οικουμενην:inhabited-world ολην:whole εβληθη:was-cast ειϲ:to την:the γην:earth και:and οι:the αγγελοι:angels αυτου:of-him μετ:with αυτου:him εβληθηϲαν:were-cast (10) Και:And ηκουϲα:I-heard φωνην:voice μεγαλην:great εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven λεγουϲαν:saying Αρτι:Now εγενετο:has-come-to-be η:the ϲωτηρια:salvation και:and η:the δυναμιϲ:power και:and η:the βαϲιλεια:kingdom του:of-the θεου:God ημων:of-us και:and η:the εξουϲια:authority του:of-the χριϲτου:Christ αυτου:of-Him οτι:because εβληθη:was-cast ο:the κατηγωρ:accuser των:of-the αδελφων:brothers ημων:of-us ο:the κατηγορων:accusing αυτουϲ:them ενωπιον:before του:the θεου:God ημων:of-us ημεραϲ:day και:and νυκτοϲ:night (11) Και:And αυτοι:they ενικηϲαν:overcame αυτον:him δια:by το:the αιμα:blood του:of-the αρνιου:lamb και:and δια:by τον:the λογον:word τηϲ:of-the μαρτυριαϲ:testimony αυτων:of-them και:and ουκ:not ηγαπηϲαν:loved την:the ψυχην:life αυτων:of-them αχρι:until θανατου:death (12) Δια:Because-of τουτο:this ευφραινεϲθε:Rejoice οι:the ουρανοι:heavens και:and οι:the εν:in αυτοιϲ:them ϲκηνουντεϲ:ones-tabernacling ουαι:woe την:to-the γην:earth και:and την:the θαλαϲϲαν:sea οτι:because κατεβη:came-down ο:the διαβολοϲ:devil προϲ:to υμαϲ:you εχων:having θυμον:fury μεγαν:great ειδωϲ:knowing οτι:that ολιγον:little καιρον:season εχει:he-has
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 12:11 | αρνιου:lamb | [lamb] – the slain-yet-standing lamb whose blood is the ground of the brothers’ victory; lowercased in line with the book-wide convention that renders the lamb as God’s appointed agent. |
| 12:11 | μαρτυριαϲ:testimony | [testimony] – the forensic word of attestation by which the brothers overcame; the established gloss conveys its public witness-bearing character. |
(13) Και:And οτε:when ειδεν:saw ο:the δρακων:dragon οτι:that εβληθη:was-cast ειϲ:to την:the γην:earth εδιωξεν:persecuted την:the γυναικα:woman ητιϲ:who ετεκεν:gave-birth τον:the αρϲενα:male (14) Και:And εδοθηϲαν:were-given τη:to-the γυναικι:woman αι:the δυο:two πτερυγεϲ:wings του:of-the αετου:eagle του:the μεγαλου:great ινα:so-that πετηται:she-might-fly ειϲ:into την:the ερημον:wilderness ειϲ:to τον:the τοπον:place αυτηϲ:of-her οπου:where τρεφεται:she-is-nourished εκει:there καιρον:a-season και:and καιρουϲ:seasons και:and ημιϲυ:half καιρου:of-a-season απο:from προϲωπου:presence του:of-the οφεωϲ:serpent (15) Και:And εβαλεν:cast ο:the οφιϲ:serpent εκ:from του:the ϲτοματοϲ:mouth αυτου:of-him οπιϲω:behind τηϲ:the γυναικοϲ:woman υδωρ:water ωϲ:like ποταμον:river ινα:so-that αυτην:her ποταμοφορητον:river-swept ποιηϲη:he-might-make (16) Και:And εβοηθηϲεν:helped η:the γη:earth τη:to-the γυναικι:woman και:and ηνοιξεν:opened η:the γη:earth το:the ϲτομα:mouth αυτηϲ:of-it και:and κατεπιεν:swallowed τον:the ποταμον:river ον:which εβαλεν:cast ο:the δρακων:dragon εκ:from του:the ϲτοματοϲ:mouth αυτου:of-him (17) Και:And ωργιϲθη:was-enraged ο:the δρακων:dragon επι:at τη:the γυναικι:woman και:and απηλθεν:went-away ποιηϲαι:to-make πολεμον:war μετα:with των:the λοιπων:rest του:of-the ϲπερματοϲ:seed αυτηϲ:of-her των:the τηρουντων:ones-keeping ταϲ:the εντολαϲ:commandments του:of-the θεου:God και:and εχοντων:ones-having την:the μαρτυριαν:testimony ιηϲου:of-Jesus (18) Και:And εϲταθη:stood επι:upon την:the αμμον:sand τηϲ:of-the θαλαϲϲηϲ:sea
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 12:13 | γυναικα:woman | [woman] – the Zion-figure whom the dragon persecutes after his casting down; the plain designation is kept. |
| 12:14 | γυναικι:woman | [woman] – the woman given the two eagle-wings to fly into her place in the wilderness; the designation is retained. |
| 12:15 | γυναικοϲ:woman | [woman] – the woman whom the serpent seeks to sweep away with the river; the designation is retained. |
| 12:16 | γυναικι:woman | [woman] – the woman helped by the earth, which opens its mouth and swallows the river. |
| 12:17 | γυναικι:woman | [woman] – the woman at whom the dragon rages, going away to make war with the rest of her seed; the designation continues to mark the Zion-figure. |
| 12:17 | μαρτυριαν:testimony | [testimony] – the testimony of Jesus held fast by the rest of her seed; the forensic term of public attestation. |
Revelation 13
(1) Και:And ειδον:I-saw εκ:from τηϲ:the θαλαϲϲηϲ:sea θηριον:beast αναβαινον:coming-up εχον:having κερατα:horns δεκα:ten και:and κεφαλαϲ:heads επτα:seven και:and επι:upon των:the κερατων:horns αυτου:of-it δεκα:ten διαδηματα:diadems και:and επι:upon ταϲ:the κεφαλαϲ:heads αυτου:of-it ονοματα:names βλαϲφημιαϲ:of-blasphemy (2) Και:And το:the θηριον:beast ο:which ειδον:I-saw ην:was ομοιον:like παρδαλει:leopard και:and οι:the ποδεϲ:feet αυτου:of-it ωϲ:like αρκου:of-bear και:and το:the ϲτομα:mouth αυτου:of-it ωϲ:like ϲτομα:mouth λεοντοϲ:of-lion και:and εδωκεν:gave αυτω:to-it ο:the δρακων:dragon την:the δυναμιν:power αυτου:of-him και:and τον:the θρονον:throne αυτου:of-him και:and εξουϲιαν:authority μεγαλην:great (3) Και:And μιαν:one εκ:from των:the κεφαλων:heads αυτου:of-it ωϲ:as εϲφαγμενην:having-been-slain ειϲ:to θανατον:death και:and η:the πληγη:plague του:of-the θανατου:death αυτου:of-it εθεραπευθη:was-healed και:and εθαυμαϲθη:was-marveled ολη:whole η:the γη:earth οπιϲω:after του:the θηριου:beast (4) Και:And προϲεκυνηϲαν:worshipped τω:the δρακοντι:dragon οτι:because εδωκεν:gave την:the εξουϲιαν:authority τω:to-the θηριω:beast και:and προϲεκυνηϲαν:worshipped τω:the θηριω:beast λεγοντεϲ:saying Τιϲ:Who ομοιοϲ:like τω:the θηριω:beast και:and τιϲ:who δυναται:is-able πολεμηϲαι:to-war μετ:with αυτου:it (5) Και:And εδοθη:was-given αυτω:to-it ϲτομα:mouth λαλουν:speaking μεγαλα:great-things και:and βλαϲφημιαϲ:blasphemies και:and εδοθη:was-given αυτω:to-it εξουϲια:authority ποιηϲαι:to-do μηναϲ:months τεϲϲερακοντα:forty και:and δυο:two (6) Και:And ηνοιξεν:opened το:the ϲτομα:mouth αυτου:of-it ειϲ:for βλαϲφημιαϲ:blasphemies προϲ:against τον:the θεον:God βλαϲφημηϲαι:to-blaspheme το:the ονομα:name αυτου:of-Him και:and την:the ϲκηνην:tabernacle αυτου:of-Him τουϲ:the εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven ϲκηνουνταϲ:ones-tabernacling (7) Και:And εδοθη:was-given αυτω:to-it ποιηϲαι:to-make πολεμον:war μετα:with των:the αγιων:saints και:and νικηϲαι:to-overcome αυτουϲ:them και:and εδοθη:was-given αυτω:to-it εξουϲια:authority επι:over παϲαν:every φυλην:tribe και:and λαον:people και:and γλωϲϲαν:tongue και:and εθνοϲ:nation (8) Και:And προϲκυνηϲουϲιν:will-worship αυτον:it παντεϲ:all οι:the κατοικουντεϲ:ones-dwelling επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth ου:whose ου:not γεγραπται:has-been-written το:the ονομα:name αυτου:of-him εν:in τω:the βιβλιω:book τηϲ:of-the ζωηϲ:life του:of-the αρνιου:lamb του:the εϲφαγμενου:having-been-slain απο:from καταβοληϲ:foundation κοϲμου:of-world (9) Ει:If τιϲ:anyone εχει:has ουϲ:ear ακουϲατω:let-him-hear (10) Ει:If τιϲ:anyone ειϲ:into αιχμαλωϲιαν:captivity ειϲ:into αιχμαλωϲιαν:captivity υπαγει:goes ει:if τιϲ:anyone εν:by μαχαιρη:sword αποκτανθηναι:to-be-killed αυτον:him εν:by μαχαιρη:sword αποκτανθηναι:to-be-killed Ωδε:Here εϲτιν:is η:the υπομονη:endurance και:and η:the πιϲτιϲ:allegiance των:of-the αγιων:saints
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 13:4 | προϲεκυνηϲαν:worshipped | [worshipped] – the homage rendered to the dragon and to the beast; the book-wide translation convention uses the worship-word when the homage is directed to God or to those who claim his place, so that the boundary protecting the honour of the one God stays sharp. |
| 13:8 | προϲκυνηϲουϲιν:will-worship | [will-worship] – all earth-dwellers will worship the beast; the same convention marks this as counterfeit homage that parodies the worship of God. |
| 13:8 | αρνιου:lamb | [lamb] – the lamb whose book of life holds the names of all who dwell on the earth; the established gloss presents the slain-yet-standing agent of God, lowercased throughout. |
(11) Και:And ειδον:I-saw αλλο:another θηριον:beast αναβαινον:coming-up εκ:from τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth και:and ειχεν:it-had κερατα:horns δυο:two ομοια:like αρνιω:lamb και:and ελαλει:it-spoke ωϲ:like δρακων:dragon (12) Και:And την:the εξουϲιαν:authority του:of-the πρωτου:first θηριου:beast παϲαν:all ποιει:it-does ενωπιον:before αυτου:it και:and ποιει:it-makes την:the γην:earth και:and τουϲ:the εν:in αυτη:it κατοικουνταϲ:ones-dwelling ινα:so-that προϲκυνηϲουϲιν:they-will-worship το:the θηριον:beast το:the πρωτον:first ου:whose εθεραπευθη:was-healed η:the πληγη:plague του:of-the θανατου:death αυτου:of-it (13) Και:And ποιει:it-does ϲημεια:signs μεγαλα:great ινα:so-that και:even πυρ:fire ποιη:it-makes εκ:from του:the ουρανου:heaven καταβαινειν:to-come-down ειϲ:to την:the γην:earth ενωπιον:before των:the ανθρωπων:men (14) Και:And πλανα:it-leads-astray τουϲ:the κατοικουνταϲ:ones-dwelling επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth δια:through τα:the ϲημεια:signs α:which εδοθη:was-given αυτω:to-it ποιηϲαι:to-do ενωπιον:before του:the θηριου:beast λεγων:saying τοιϲ:to-the κατοικουϲιν:ones-dwelling επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth ποιηϲαι:to-make εικονα:image τω:to-the θηριω:beast οϲ:who εχει:has την:the πληγην:plague τηϲ:of-the μαχαιρηϲ:sword και:and εζηϲεν:lived (15) Και:And εδοθη:was-given αυτω:to-it δουναι:to-give πνευμα:spirit τη:to-the εικονι:image του:of-the θηριου:beast ινα:so-that και:even λαληϲη:might-speak η:the εικων:image του:of-the θηριου:beast και:and ποιηϲη:might-cause ινα:that οϲοι:whoever εαν:if μη:not προϲκυνηϲωϲιν:should-worship τη:the εικονι:image του:of-the θηριου:beast αποκτανθωϲιν:should-be-killed (16) Και:And ποιει:it-makes πανταϲ:all τουϲ:the μικρουϲ:small και:and τουϲ:the μεγαλουϲ:great και:and τουϲ:the πλουϲιουϲ:rich και:and τουϲ:the πτωχουϲ:poor και:and τουϲ:the ελευθερουϲ:free και:and τουϲ:the δουλουϲ:slaves ινα:so-that δωϲιν:they-may-give αυτοιϲ:to-them χαραγμα:mark επι:upon τηϲ:the χειροϲ:hand αυτων:of-their τηϲ:the δεξιαϲ:right η:or επι:upon το:the μετωπον:forehead αυτων:of-them (17) Και:And ινα:so-that μη:not τιϲ:anyone δυνηται:may-be-able αγοραϲαι:to-buy η:or πωληϲαι:to-sell ει-μη:except ο:the-one εχων:having το:the χαραγμα:mark το:the ονομα:name του:of-the θηριου:beast η:or τον:the αριθμον:number του:of-the ονοματοϲ:name αυτου:of-it (18) Ωδε:Here η:the ϲοφια:wisdom εϲτιν:is ο:the-one εχων:having νουν:mind ψηφιϲατω:let-him-calculate τον:the αριθμον:number του:of-the θηριου:beast αριθμοϲ:number γαρ:for ανθρωπου:of-man εϲτιν:it-is και:and ο:the αριθμοϲ:number αυτου:of-it εξακοϲιοι:six-hundred εξηκοντα:sixty εξ:six
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 13:12 | προϲκυνηϲουϲιν:they-will-worship | [will-worship] – the earth and its dwellers are compelled to worship the first beast; the book-wide convention marks this as the false homage that counterfeits the worship of the one God. |
| 13:15 | προϲκυνηϲωϲιν:should-worship | [should-worship] – the homage demanded for the image of the beast, enforced by death; the translation keeps the worship-word for this counterfeit-devotion. |
| 13:16 | χαραγμα:mark | – the beast's allegiance-mark, the branded sign imposed on all; the established gloss conveys how it parodies the seal of God and the covenant-sign of the Shema. |
| 13:17 | χαραγμα:mark | – the allegiance-mark required for commerce; the same gloss keeps the parody-register of the branding over against the seal carried by the bondservants of God. |
Revelation 14
(1) Και:And ειδον:I-saw και:and ιδου:behold το:the αρνιον:lamb εϲτοϲ:standing επι:upon το:the οροϲ:mountain ϲιων:Zion και:and μετ:with αυτου:him εκατον:one-hundred τεϲϲερακοντα:forty τεϲϲαρεϲ:four χιλιαδεϲ:thousands εχουϲαι:having το:the ονομα:name αυτου:of-him και:and το:the ονομα:name του:of-the πατροϲ:Father αυτου:of-Him γεγραμμενον:having-been-written επι:upon των:the μετωπων:foreheads αυτων:of-them (2) Και:And ηκουϲα:I-heard φωνην:a-voice εκ:from του:the ουρανου:heaven ωϲ:like φωνην:sound υδατων:of-waters πολλων:many και:and ωϲ:like φωνην:sound βροντηϲ:of-thunder μεγαληϲ:great και:and η:the φωνη:voice ην:which ηκουϲα:I-heard ωϲ:like κιθαρωδων:of-harpists κιθαριζοντων:playing-harps εν:in ταιϲ:the κιθαραιϲ:harp αυτων:of-them (3) Και:And αδουϲιν:they-sing ωϲ:as ωδην:song καινην:new ενωπιον:before του:the θρονου:throne και:and ενωπιον:before των:of-the τεϲϲαρων:four ζωων:living-creatures και:and των:of-the πρεϲβυτερων:elders και:and ουδειϲ:no-one εδυνατο:was-able μαθειν:to-learn την:the ωδην:song ει-μη:except αι:the εκατον:one-hundred τεϲϲερακοντα:forty τεϲϲαρεϲ:four χιλιαδεϲ:thousands οι:the ηγοραϲμενοι:ones-having-been-ransomed απο:from τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth (4) Ουτοι:These ειϲιν:are οι:the μετα:with γυναικων:women ουκ:not εμολυνθηϲαν:were-defiled παρθενοι:virgins γαρ:for ειϲιν:are ουτοι:these οι:the ακολουθουντεϲ:ones-following τω:the αρνιω:lamb οπου:where αν:ever υπαγη:he-goes ουτοι:these ηγοραϲθηϲαν:were-ransomed απο:from των:the ανθρωπων:men απαρχη:firstfruit τω:to-the θεω:God και:and τω:to-the αρνιω:lamb (5) Και:And εν:in τω:the ϲτοματι:mouth αυτων:of-them ουχ:not ευρεθη:was-found ψευδοϲ:falsehood αμωμοι:blameless ειϲιν:they-are
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 14:1 | αρνιον:lamb | [lamb] – the lamb standing on Mount Zion with the redeemed company; the established gloss presents the slain-yet-standing agent, the title lowercased throughout the book. |
| 14:4 | αρνιω:lamb | [lamb] – the lamb followed by the virgin company wherever he goes; the same title of the appointed agent is retained. |
| 14:4 | αρνιω:lamb | [lamb] – the firstfruit company is offered to God and to the lamb; the translation keeps the two distinct, honouring the lamb as God’s appointed agent. |
(6) Και:And ειδον:I-saw αλλον:another αγγελον:angel πετομενον:flying εν:in μεϲουρανηματι:mid-heaven εχοντα:having ευαγγελιον:glad-tidings αιωνιον:eternal ευαγγελιϲαι:to-announce-glad-tidings επι:to τουϲ:the καθημενουϲ:ones-sitting επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth και:and επι:to παν:every εθνοϲ:nation και:and φυλην:tribe και:and γλωϲϲαν:tongue και:and λαον:people (7) Λεγων:Saying εν:in φωνη:voice μεγαλη:great Φοβηθητε:Fear τον:the θεον:God και:and δοτε:give αυτω:to-Him δοξαν:glory οτι:because ηλθεν:came η:the ωρα:hour τηϲ:of-the κριϲεωϲ:judgment αυτου:of-Him και:and προϲκυνηϲατε:worship τω:to-the-One ποιηϲαντι:having-made τον:the ουρανον:heaven και:and την:the γην:earth και:and θαλαϲϲαν:sea και:and πηγαϲ:springs υδατων:of-waters (8) Και:And αλλοϲ:another αγγελοϲ:angel δευτεροϲ:second ηκολουθηϲεν:followed λεγων:saying Επεϲεν:Fell επεϲεν:fell Βαβυλων:Babylon η:the μεγαλη:great η:the-one εκ:from του:the οινου:wine του:of-the θυμου:fury τηϲ:of-the πορνειαϲ:fornication αυτηϲ:of-her πεποτικεν:has-made-drunk παντα:all τα:the εθνη:nations (9) Και:And αλλοϲ:another αγγελοϲ:angel τριτοϲ:third ηκολουθηϲεν:followed αυτοιϲ:them λεγων:saying εν:in φωνη:voice μεγαλη:great Ει:If τιϲ:anyone προϲκυνει:worships το:the θηριον:beast και:and την:the εικονα:image αυτου:of-it και:and λαμβανει:receives χαραγμα:mark επι:upon του:the μετωπου:forehead αυτου:of-him η:or επι:upon την:the χειρα:hand αυτου:of-him (10) Και:And αυτοϲ:he πιεται:will-drink εκ:from του:the οινου:wine του:of-the θυμου:fury του:of-the θεου:God του:the κεκεραϲμενου:having-been-mingled ακρατου:unmixed εν:in τω:the ποτηριω:cup τηϲ:of-the οργηϲ:wrath αυτου:of-Him και:and βαϲανιϲθηϲεται:he-will-be-tormented εν:in πυρι:fire και:and θειω:sulfur ενωπιον:before αγγελων:angels αγιων:holy και:and ενωπιον:before του:the αρνιου:lamb (11) Και:And ο:the καπνοϲ:smoke του:of-the βαϲανιϲμου:torment αυτων:of-them ειϲ:unto αιωναϲ:ages αιωνων:of-ages αναβαινει:goes-up και:and ουκ:not εχουϲιν:they-have αναπαυϲιν:rest ημεραϲ:day και:and νυκτοϲ:night οι:the προϲκυνουντεϲ:ones-worshipping το:the θηριον:beast και:and την:the εικονα:image αυτου:of-it και:and ει:if τιϲ:anyone λαμβανει:receives το:the χαραγμα:mark του:of-the ονοματοϲ:name αυτου:of-it (12) Ωδε:Here η:the υπομονη:endurance των:of-the αγιων:saints εϲτιν:is οι:the τηρουντεϲ:ones-keeping ταϲ:the εντολαϲ:commandments του:of-the θεου:God και:and την:the πιϲτιν:allegiance ιηϲου:of-Jesus (13) Και:And ηκουϲα:I-heard φωνηϲ:a-voice εκ:from του:the ουρανου:heaven λεγουϲηϲ:saying Γραψον:Write Μακαριοι:Blessed οι:the νεκροι:dead οι:the εν:in κυριω:lord αποθνηϲκοντεϲ:ones-dying απ:from αρτι:now ναι:Yes λεγει:says το:the πνευμα:spirit ινα:that αναπαηϲονται:they-will-rest εκ:from των:the κοπων:labors αυτων:of-them τα:the γαρ:for εργα:works αυτων:of-them ακολουθει:follows μετ:with αυτων:them
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 14:7 | προϲκυνηϲατε:worship | [worship] – the summons to fear God and give him glory in the hour of his judgment; the worship-word here is directed to the one God, the Maker of heaven and earth, the sea and the springs of waters. |
| 14:8 | Βαβυλων:Babylon | [Babylon] – the great city that has fallen; the established gloss presents Babylon as the symbolic world-city and empire that stands over against the city of God. |
| 14:9 | προϲκυνει:worships | [worships] – anyone who worships the beast and its image; the book-wide convention names this false homage plainly, keeping the worship-word for the honour that parodies the worship of the one God. |
| 14:10 | αρνιου:lamb | [lamb] – the lamb before whom the worshippers of the beast are tormented; the title of the appointed agent, lowercased, retains its place in the judgment-scene. |
| 14:11 | προϲκυνουντεϲ:ones-worshipping | [ones-worshipping] – those who worship the beast and its image and receive the mark of its name; the translation keeps the same worship-word for this counterfeit-devotion, consistent with the convention that guards the honour of the one God. |
| 14:13 | πνευμα:spirit | [spirit] – the spirit pronounces the blessing over those who die in the lord; lowercased in line with the book-wide convention of rendering the spirit as God's empowering presence. |
(14) Και:And ειδον:I-saw και:and ιδου:behold νεφελη:cloud λευκη:white και:and επι:upon την:the νεφελην:cloud καθημενον:one-sitting ομοιον:like υιον:a-son ανθρωπου:of-man εχων:having επι:upon τηϲ:the κεφαληϲ:head αυτου:of-him ϲτεφανον:crown χρυϲουν:golden και:and εν:in τη:the χειρι:hand αυτου:of-him δρεπανον:sickle οξυ:sharp (15) Και:And αλλοϲ:another αγγελοϲ:angel εξηλθεν:came-out εκ:from του:the ναου:sanctuary κραζων:crying εν:in φωνη:voice μεγαλη:great τω:to-the καθημενω:one-sitting επι:upon τηϲ:the νεφεληϲ:cloud Πεμψον:Send το:the δρεπανον:sickle ϲου:of-you και:and θεριϲον:reap οτι:because ηλθεν:came η:the ωρα:hour θεριϲαι:to-reap οτι:because εξηρανθη:was-dried ο:the θεριϲμοϲ:harvest τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth (16) Και:And εβαλεν:cast ο:the καθημενοϲ:one-sitting επι:upon τηϲ:the νεφεληϲ:cloud το:the δρεπανον:sickle αυτου:of-him επι:upon την:the γην:earth και:and εθεριϲθη:was-reaped η:the γη:earth (17) Και:And αλλοϲ:another αγγελοϲ:angel εξηλθεν:came-out εκ:from του:the ναου:sanctuary του:the εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven εχων:having και:also αυτοϲ:he δρεπανον:sickle οξυ:sharp (18) Και:And αλλοϲ:another αγγελοϲ:angel εξηλθεν:came-out εκ:from του:the θυϲιαϲτηριου:altar ο:the-one εχων:having εξουϲιαν:authority επι:over του:the πυροϲ:fire και:and εφωνηϲεν:cried-out φωνη:with-voice μεγαλη:great τω:to-the-one εχοντι:having το:the δρεπανον:sickle το:the οξυ:sharp λεγων:saying Πεμψον:Send ϲου:of-you το:the δρεπανον:sickle το:the οξυ:sharp και:and τρυγηϲον:gather-thoroughly τουϲ:the βοτρυαϲ:clusters τηϲ:of-the αμπελου:vine τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth οτι:because ηκμαϲαν:ripened αι:the ϲταφυλαι:grapes αυτηϲ:of-her (19) Και:And εβαλεν:cast ο:the αγγελοϲ:angel το:the δρεπανον:sickle αυτου:of-him ειϲ:into την:the γην:earth και:and ετρυγηϲεν:gathered την:the αμπελον:vine τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth και:and εβαλεν:cast ειϲ:into την:the ληνον:winepress του:of-the θυμου:fury του:of-the θεου:God τον:the μεγαν:great (20) Και:And επατηθη:was-trodden η:the ληνοϲ:winepress εξωθεν:outside τηϲ:of-the πολεωϲ:city και:and εξηλθεν:came-out αιμα:blood εκ:from τηϲ:the ληνου:winepress αχρι:up-to των:the χαλινων:bridles των:of-the ιππων:horses απο:from ϲταδιων:stadia χιλιων:thousand εξακοϲιων:six-hundred
Revelation 15
(1) Και:And ειδον:I-saw αλλο:another ϲημειον:sign εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven μεγα:great και:and θαυμαϲτον:marvelous αγγελουϲ:angels επτα:seven εχονταϲ:having πληγαϲ:plagues επτα:seven ταϲ:the εϲχαταϲ:last οτι:because εν:in αυταιϲ:them ετελεϲθη:was-completed ο:the θυμοϲ:fury του:of-the θεου:God (2) Και:And ειδον:I-saw ωϲ:like θαλαϲϲαν:sea υαλινην:glassy μεμιγμενην:having-been-mingled πυρι:with-fire και:and τουϲ:the νικωνταϲ:ones-overcoming εκ:from του:the θηριου:beast και:and εκ:from τηϲ:the εικονοϲ:image αυτου:of-it και:and εκ:from του:the αριθμου:number του:of-the ονοματοϲ:name αυτου:of-it εϲτωταϲ:standing επι:upon την:the θαλαϲϲαν:sea την:the υαλινην:glassy εχονταϲ:having κιθαραϲ:harps του:of-the θεου:God (3) Και:And αδουϲιν:they-sing την:the ωδην:song μωυϲεωϲ:of-Moses του:the δουλου:bondservant του:of-the θεου:God και:and την:the ωδην:song του:of-the αρνιου:lamb λεγοντεϲ:saying Μεγαλα:Great και:and θαυμαϲτα:marvelous τα:the εργα:works ϲου:of-You Κυριε:Lord ο:the Θεοϲ:God ο:the Παντοκρατωρ:Almighty δικαιαι:Righteous και:and αληθιναι:true αι:the οδοι:ways ϲου:of-You ο:the Βαϲιλευϲ:King των:of-the εθνων:nations (4) Τιϲ:Who ου-μη:not-at-all φοβηθη:fear Κυριε:Lord και:and δοξαϲει:glorify το:the ονομα:name ϲου:of-You οτι:because μονοϲ:alone οϲιοϲ:holy οτι:because παντα:all τα:the εθνη:nations ηξουϲιν:will-come και:and προϲκυνηϲουϲιν:will-worship ενωπιον:before ϲου:You οτι:because τα:the δικαιωματα:righteous-verdicts ϲου:of-You εφανερωθηϲαν:were-manifested
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 15:3 | αρνιου:lamb | [lamb] – the song of the lamb sung by the overcomers beside the glassy sea; the established gloss presents the appointed agent of God, whose work stands alongside the song of Moses. |
| 15:4 | προϲκυνηϲουϲιν:will-worship | [will-worship] – all nations will come and worship before the one God; the worship-word here is given its full weight, directed to the God alone holy. |
(5) Και:And μετα:after ταυτα:these-things ειδον:I-saw και:and ηνοιγη:was-opened ο:the ναοϲ:sanctuary τηϲ:of-the ϲκηνηϲ:tabernacle του:of-the μαρτυριου:testimony εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven (6) Και:And εξηλθον:came-out οι:the επτα:seven αγγελοι:angels οι:the εχοντεϲ:having ταϲ:the επτα:seven πληγαϲ:plagues εκ:from του:the ναου:sanctuary ενδεδυμενοι:having-clothed-themselves λινον:linen καθαρον:clean λαμπρον:bright και:and περιεζωϲμενοι:having-girded-themselves περι:around τα:the ϲτηθη:breasts ζωναϲ:girdles χρυϲαϲ:golden (7) Και:And εν:one εκ:from των:of-the τεϲϲαρων:four ζωων:living-creatures εδωκεν:gave τοιϲ:to-the επτα:seven αγγελοιϲ:angels επτα:seven φιαλαϲ:bowls χρυϲαϲ:golden γεμουϲαϲ:being-full του:of-the θυμου:fury του:of-the θεου:God του:the ζωντοϲ:living ειϲ:unto τουϲ:the αιωναϲ:ages των:of-the αιωνων:ages (8) Και:And εγεμιϲθη:was-filled ο:the ναοϲ:sanctuary καπνου:with-smoke εκ:from τηϲ:the δοξηϲ:glory του:of-the θεου:God και:and εκ:from τηϲ:the δυναμεωϲ:power αυτου:of-Him και:and ουδειϲ:no-one εδυνατο:was-able ειϲελθειν:to-enter ειϲ:into τον:the ναον:sanctuary αχρι:until τελεϲθωϲιν:should-be-completed αι:the επτα:seven πληγαι:plagues των:of-the επτα:seven αγγελων:angels
Revelation 16
(1) Και:And ηκουϲα:I-heard μεγαληϲ:great φωνηϲ:a-voice εκ:from του:the ναου:sanctuary λεγουϲηϲ:saying τοιϲ:to-the επτα:seven αγγελοιϲ:angels Υπαγετε:Go και:and εκχεετε:pour-out ταϲ:the επτα:seven φιαλαϲ:bowls του:of-the θυμου:fury του:of-the θεου:God ειϲ:into την:the γην:earth (2) Και:And απηλθεν:went ο:the πρωτοϲ:first και:and εξεχεεν:poured-out την:the φιαλην:bowl αυτου:of-him ειϲ:into την:the γην:earth και:and εγενετο:came-to-be ελκοϲ:ulcer κακον:bad και:and πονηρον:evil επι:upon τουϲ:the ανθρωπουϲ:men τουϲ:the εχονταϲ:having το:the χαραγμα:mark του:of-the θηριου:beast και:and τουϲ:the προϲκυνουνταϲ:ones-worshipping τη:the εικονι:image αυτου:of-it (3) Και:And ο:the δευτεροϲ:second εξεχεεν:poured-out την:the φιαλην:bowl αυτου:of-him ειϲ:into την:the θαλαϲϲαν:sea και:and εγενετο:became αιμα:blood ωϲ:as νεκρου:of-dead και:and παϲα:every ψυχη:life ζωηϲ:of-life απεθανεν:died τα:the-things εν:in τη:the θαλαϲϲη:sea (4) Και:And ο:the τριτοϲ:third εξεχεεν:poured-out την:the φιαλην:bowl αυτου:of-him ειϲ:into τουϲ:the ποταμουϲ:rivers και:and ταϲ:the πηγαϲ:springs των:of-the υδατων:waters και:and εγενετο:became αιμα:blood (5) Και:And ηκουϲα:I-heard του:the αγγελου:angel των:of-the υδατων:waters λεγοντοϲ:saying Δικαιοϲ:Righteous ει:are-You ο:the-One ων:being και:and ο:the-One ην:was ο:the οϲιοϲ:holy-one οτι:because ταυτα:these-things εκριναϲ:You-judged (6) Οτι:Because αιμα:blood αγιων:of-saints και:and προφητων:of-prophets εξεχεαν:they-poured-out και:and αιμα:blood αυτοιϲ:to-them δεδωκαϲ:You-have-given πιειν:to-drink αξιοι:worthy ειϲιν:they-are (7) Και:And ηκουϲα:I-heard του:the θυϲιαϲτηριου:altar λεγοντοϲ:saying Ναι:Yes Κυριε:Lord ο:the Θεοϲ:God ο:the Παντοκρατωρ:Almighty αληθιναι:true και:and δικαιαι:righteous αι:the κριϲειϲ:judgments ϲου:of-You
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 16:2 | χαραγμα:mark | – the beast’s allegiance-mark, branded on the right hand or forehead; the gloss conveys how this mark parodies the seal of God and the covenant-sign of the Shema. |
| 16:2 | προϲκυνουνταϲ:ones-worshipping | [ones-worshipping] – the text names those who bow to the beast’s image; the worship-word is kept for this counterfeit homage, so that the honour due to the one God alone remains distinct. |
(8) Και:And ο:the τεταρτοϲ:fourth εξεχεεν:poured-out την:the φιαλην:bowl αυτου:of-him επι:upon τον:the ηλιον:sun και:and εδοθη:was-given αυτω:to-it καυματιϲαι:to-scorch τουϲ:the ανθρωπουϲ:men εν:in πυρι:fire (9) Και:And εκαυματιϲθηϲαν:were-scorched οι:the ανθρωποι:men καυμα:scorching μεγα:great και:and εβλαϲφημηϲαν:blasphemed το:the ονομα:name του:of-the θεου:God του:the-one εχοντοϲ:having την:the εξουϲιαν:authority επι:over ταϲ:the πληγαϲ:plagues ταυταϲ:these και:and ου:not μετενοηϲαν:they-repented δουναι:to-give αυτω:to-Him δοξαν:glory (10) Και:And ο:the πεμπτοϲ:fifth εξεχεεν:poured-out την:the φιαλην:bowl αυτου:of-him επι:upon τον:the θρονον:throne του:of-the θηριου:beast και:and εγενετο:became η:the βαϲιλεια:kingdom αυτου:of-it εϲκοτωμενη:being-darkened και:and εμαϲωντο:they-began-to-bite ταϲ:the γλωϲϲαϲ:tongues αυτων:of-them εκ:from του:the πονου:pain (11) Και:And εβλαϲφημηϲαν:blasphemed τον:the θεον:God του:of-the ουρανου:heaven εκ:from των:the πονων:pains αυτων:of-them και:and εκ:from των:the ελκων:ulcers αυτων:of-them και:and ου:not μετενοηϲαν:they-repented εκ:from των:the εργων:works αυτων:of-them
(12) Και:And ο:the εκτοϲ:sixth εξεχεεν:poured-out την:the φιαλην:bowl αυτου:of-him επι:upon τον:the ποταμον:river τον:the μεγαν:great τον:the Ευφρατην:Euphrates και:and εξηρανθη:was-dried-up το:the υδωρ:water αυτου:of-it ινα:so-that ετοιμαϲθη:might-be-prepared η:the οδοϲ:way των:of-the βαϲιλεων:kings των:the απο:from ανατοληϲ:rising ηλιου:of-sun (13) Και:And ειδον:I-saw εκ:from του:the ϲτοματοϲ:mouth του:of-the δρακοντοϲ:dragon και:and εκ:from του:the ϲτοματοϲ:mouth του:of-the θηριου:beast και:and εκ:from του:the ϲτοματοϲ:mouth του:of-the ψευδοπροφητου:false-prophet πνευματα:spirits τρια:three ακαθαρτα:unclean ωϲ:like βατραχοι:frogs (14) Ειϲιν:They-are γαρ:for πνευματα:spirits δαιμονιων:of-demons ποιουντα:doing ϲημεια:signs α:which εκπορευεται:goes-out επι:to τουϲ:the βαϲιλειϲ:kings τηϲ:of-the οικουμενηϲ:inhabited-world οληϲ:whole ϲυναγαγειν:to-gather αυτουϲ:them ειϲ:for τον:the πολεμον:war τηϲ:of-the ημεραϲ:day τηϲ:the μεγαληϲ:great του:of-the θεου:God του:of-the παντοκρατοροϲ:Almighty (15) Ιδου:Behold ερχομαι:I-come ωϲ:as κλεπτηϲ:thief Μακαριοϲ:Blessed ο:the-one γρηγορων:watching και:and τηρων:keeping τα:the ιματια:garments αυτου:of-him ινα:so-that μη:not γυμνοϲ:naked περιπατη:he-walks-about και:and βλεπωϲιν:they-see την:the αϲχημοϲυνην:shame αυτου:of-him (16) Και:And ϲυνηγαγεν:gathered αυτουϲ:them ειϲ:to τον:the τοπον:place τον:the καλουμενον:being-called εβραιϲτι:in-Hebrew Αρμαγεδων:Harmagedon
(17) Και:And ο:the εβδομοϲ:seventh εξεχεεν:poured-out την:the φιαλην:bowl αυτου:of-him επι:upon τον:the αερα:air και:and εξηλθεν:came-out φωνη:voice μεγαλη:great εκ:from του:the ναου:sanctuary απο:from του:the θρονου:throne λεγουϲα:saying Γεγονεν:It-has-become (18) Και:And εγενοντο:came-to-be αϲτραπαι:lightnings και:and φωναι:voices και:and βρονται:thunders και:and ϲειϲμοϲ:earthquake εγενετο:came-to-be μεγαϲ:great οιοϲ:such-as ουκ:not εγενετο:came-to-be αφ:since ου:which ανθρωποϲ:man εγενετο:came-to-be επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth τηλικουτοϲ:so-great ϲειϲμοϲ:earthquake ουτωϲ:thus μεγαϲ:great (19) Και:And εγενετο:became η:the πολιϲ:city η:the μεγαλη:great ειϲ:into τρια:three μερη:parts και:and αι:the πολειϲ:cities των:of-the εθνων:nations επεϲαν:fell και:and Βαβυλων:Babylon η:the μεγαλη:great εμνηϲθη:was-remembered ενωπιον:before του:the θεου:God δουναι:to-give αυτη:to-her το:the ποτηριον:cup του:of-the οινου:wine του:of-the θυμου:fury τηϲ:of-the οργηϲ:wrath αυτου:of-Him (20) Και:And παϲα:every νηϲοϲ:island εφυγεν:fled και:and ορη:mountains ουχ:not ευρεθηϲαν:were-found (21) Και:And χαλαζα:hail μεγαλη:great ωϲ:like ταλαντιαια:talant-weight καταβαινει:comes-down εκ:from του:the ουρανου:heaven επι:upon τουϲ:the ανθρωπουϲ:men και:and εβλαϲφημηϲαν:blasphemed οι:the ανθρωποι:men τον:the θεον:God εκ:because-of τηϲ:the πληγηϲ:plague τηϲ:of-the χαλαζηϲ:hail οτι:because μεγαλη:great εϲτιν:is η:the πληγη:plague αυτηϲ:of-it ϲφοδρα:exceedingly
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 16:19 | Βαβυλων:Babylon | [Babylon] – the symbolic world-city and empire, called here to receive the cup of God’s wrathful judgment. |
Revelation 17
(1) Και:And ηλθεν:came ειϲ:one εκ:from των:of-the επτα:seven αγγελων:angels των:the εχοντων:having ταϲ:the επτα:seven φιαλαϲ:bowls και:and ελαληϲεν:spoke μετ:with εμου:me λεγων:saying Δευρο:Come δειξω:show ϲοι:you το:the κριμα:judgment τηϲ:of-the πορνηϲ:harlot τηϲ:the μεγαληϲ:great τηϲ:the καθημενηϲ:sitting επι:upon υδατων:waters πολλων:many (2) Μεθ:With ηϲ:whom επορνευϲαν:fornicated οι:the βαϲιλειϲ:kings τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth και:and εμεθυϲθηϲαν:were-made-drunk οι:the κατοικουντεϲ:ones-dwelling την:the γην:earth εκ:from του:the οινου:wine τηϲ:of-the πορνειαϲ:fornication αυτηϲ:of-her (3) Και:And απηνεγκεν:carried-away με:me ειϲ:into ερημον:wilderness εν:in πνευματι:spirit και:and ειδον:I-saw γυναικα:woman καθημενην:sitting επι:upon θηριον:beast κοκκινον:scarlet γεμοντα:being-full ονοματα:names βλαϲφημιαϲ:of-blasphemy εχων:having κεφαλαϲ:heads επτα:seven και:and κερατα:horns δεκα:ten (4) Και:And η:the γυνη:woman ην:was περιβεβλημενη:having-clothed-herself πορφυρουν:purple και:and κοκκινον:scarlet και:and κεχρυϲωμενη:having-been-gilded χρυϲιω:with-gold και:and λιθω:with-stone τιμιω:precious και:and μαργαριταιϲ:with-pearls εχουϲα:having ποτηριον:cup χρυϲουν:golden εν:in τη:the χειρι:hand αυτηϲ:of-her γεμον:being-full βδελυγματων:of-abominations και:and τα:the ακαθαρτα:unclean-acts τηϲ:of-the πορνειαϲ:fornication αυτηϲ:of-her (5) Και:And επι:upon το:the μετωπον:forehead αυτηϲ:of-her ονομα:name γεγραμμενον:having-been-written Μυϲτηριον:Mystery Βαβυλων:Babylon η:the μεγαλη:great η:the μητηρ:mother των:of-the πορνων:harlots και:and των:of-the βδελυγματων:abominations τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth (6) Και:And ειδον:I-saw την:the γυναικα:woman μεθυουϲαν:being-drunk εκ:from του:the αιματοϲ:blood των:of-the αγιων:saints και:and εκ:from του:the αιματοϲ:blood των:of-the μαρτυρων:witnesses ιηϲου:of-Jesus και:and εθαυμαϲα:marveled ιδων:having-seen αυτην:her θαυμα:marvel μεγα:great
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 17:1 | πορνηϲ:harlot | [harlot] – the great city is personified as a harlot, seated upon many waters; the book’s figure-map names this Babylon-figure with the word “harlot.” |
| 17:3 | πνευματι:spirit | [spirit] – John is carried away in the spirit, the empowering presence of God; lowercased in line with the book-wide convention of rendering the spirit. |
| 17:5 | Βαβυλων:Babylon | [Babylon] – the symbolic world-city and empire, written as a mystery-name upon the harlot’s forehead. |
| 17:5 | πορνων:harlots | [harlots] – the mother of the harlots; the figure-map retains the same designation for the Babylon-figure. |
| 17:6 | μαρτυρων:witnesses | [witnesses] – the blood of the witnesses of Jesus, those who attest his name even to death; the forensic term conveys the public, attestatory character of that witness. |
(7) Και:And ειπεν:said μοι:to-me ο:the αγγελοϲ:angel Δια:Why τι:what εθαυμαϲαϲ:did-you-marvel Εγω:I ερω:will-say ϲοι:to-you το:the μυϲτηριον:mystery τηϲ:of-the γυναικοϲ:woman και:and του:of-the θηριου:beast του:the βαϲταζοντοϲ:carrying αυτην:her του:the εχοντοϲ:having ταϲ:the επτα:seven κεφαλαϲ:heads και:and τα:the δεκα:ten κερατα:horns (8) Το:The θηριον:beast ο:which ειδεϲ:you-saw ην:was και:and ουκ:not εϲτιν:is και:and μελλει:is-about-to αναβαινειν:to-ascend εκ:from τηϲ:the αβυϲϲου:abyss και:and ειϲ:into απωλειαν:destruction υπαγει:goes και:and θαυμαϲθηϲονται:will-marvel οι:the κατοικουντεϲ:ones-dwelling επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth ων:whose ου:not γεγραπται:has-been-written το:the ονομα:name επι:upon το:the βιβλιον:book τηϲ:of-the ζωηϲ:life απο:from καταβοληϲ:foundation κοϲμου:of-world βλεποντων:beholding το:the θηριον:beast οτι:that ην:was και:and ουκ:not εϲτιν:is και:and παρεϲται:will-be-present (9) Ωδε:Here ο:the νουϲ:mind ο:the-one εχων:having ϲοφιαν:wisdom Αι:The επτα:seven κεφαλαι:heads επτα:seven ορη:mountains ειϲιν:are οπου:where η:the γυνη:woman καθηται:sits επ:upon αυτων:them και:and βαϲιλειϲ:kings επτα:seven ειϲιν:are (10) Οι:The πεντε:five επεϲαν:fell ο:the ειϲ:one εϲτιν:is ο:the αλλοϲ:other ουπω:not-yet ηλθεν:came και:and οταν:when ελθη:he-comes ολιγον:little αυτον:him δει:it-is-necessary μειναι:to-remain (11) Και:And το:the θηριον:beast ο:which ην:was και:and ουκ:not εϲτιν:is και:and αυτοϲ:he ογδοοϲ:eighth εϲτιν:is και:and εκ:from των:the επτα:seven εϲτιν:is και:and ειϲ:into απωλειαν:destruction υπαγει:goes (12) Και:And τα:the δεκα:ten κερατα:horns α:which ειδεϲ:you-saw δεκα:ten βαϲιλειϲ:kings ειϲιν:are οιτινεϲ:who βαϲιλειαν:kingdom ουπω:not-yet ελαβον:received αλλ:but εξουϲιαν:authority ωϲ:as βαϲιλειϲ:kings μιαν:one ωραν:hour λαμβανουϲιν:receive μετα:with του:of-the θηριου:beast (13) Ουτοι:These μιαν:one γνωμην:mind εχουϲιν:have και:and την:the δυναμιν:power και:and εξουϲιαν:authority αυτων:of-them τω:to-the θηριω:beast διδοαϲιν:they-give (14) Ουτοι:These μετα:with του:of-the αρνιου:lamb πολεμηϲουϲιν:will-war και:and το:the αρνιον:lamb νικηϲει:will-overcome αυτουϲ:them οτι:because Κυριοϲ:Lord κυριων:of-lords εϲτιν:is και:and Βαϲιλευϲ:King βαϲιλεων:of-kings και:and οι:the μετ:with αυτου:him κλητοι:called και:and εκλεκτοι:chosen και:and πιϲτοι:faithful
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 17:14 | αρνιου:lamb | [lamb] – the lamb, God’s appointed agent, conquers the allied kings; the title is lowercased throughout, presenting the slain-yet-standing agent. |
(15) Και:And λεγει:says μοι:to-me Τα:The υδατα:waters α:which ειδεϲ:you-saw ου:where η:the πορνη:harlot καθηται:sits λαοι:peoples και:and οχλοι:multitudes ειϲιν:are και:and εθνη:nations και:and γλωϲϲαι:tongues (16) Και:And τα:the δεκα:ten κερατα:horns α:which ειδεϲ:you-saw και:and το:the θηριον:beast ουτοι:these μιϲηϲουϲιν:will-hate την:the πορνην:harlot και:and ηρημωμενην:made-desolate ποιηϲουϲιν:will-make αυτην:her και:and γυμνην:naked και:and ταϲ:the ϲαρκαϲ:flesh αυτηϲ:of-her φαγονται:they-will-eat και:and αυτην:her κατακαυϲουϲιν:will-burn-up εν:in πυρι:fire (17) Ο:For the γαρ:for θεοϲ:God εδωκεν:gave ειϲ:into ταϲ:the καρδιαϲ:hearts αυτων:of-them ποιηϲαι:to-do την:the γνωμην:mind αυτου:of-Him και:and ποιηϲαι:to-do μιαν:one γνωμην:mind και:and δουναι:to-give την:the βαϲιλειαν:kingdom αυτων:of-them τω:to-the θηριω:beast αχρι:until τελεϲθηϲονται:should-be-completed οι:the λογοι:words του:of-the θεου:God (18) Και:And η:the γυνη:woman ην:which ειδεϲ:you-saw εϲτιν:is η:the πολιϲ:city η:the μεγαλη:great η:the εχουϲα:having βαϲιλειαν:kingdom επι:over των:of-the βαϲιλεων:kings τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 17:15 | πορνη:harlot | [harlot] – the waters where the harlot sits are peoples, multitudes, nations and tongues; the same figure-designation is retained. |
| 17:16 | πορνην:harlot | [harlot] – the harlot is hated and made desolate by the ten horns and the beast; the figure-map keeps the designation for this Babylon-figure. |
Revelation 18
(1) μετα:After ταυτα:these-things ειδον:I-saw αλλον:another αγγελον:angel καταβαινοντα:coming-down εκ:out-of του:the ουρανου:heaven εχοντα:having εξουϲιαν:authority μεγαλην:great και:and η:the γη:earth εφωτιϲθη:was-enlightened εκ:by τηϲ:the δοξηϲ:glory αυτου:of-him (2) και:And εκραξεν:cried-out εν:in ιϲχυρα:strong φωνη:voice λεγων:saying επεϲεν:Fell επεϲεν:fell βαβυλων:Babylon η:the μεγαλη:great και:and εγενετο:became κατοικητηριον:dwelling-place δαιμονιων:of-demons και:and φυλακη:prison παντοϲ:of-every πνευματοϲ:spirit ακαθαρτου:unclean και:and φυλακη:prison παντοϲ:of-every ορνεου:bird ακαθαρτου:unclean και:and φυλακη:prison παντοϲ:of-every θηριου:beast ακαθαρτου:unclean και:and μεμιϲημενου:having-been-hated (3) οτι:Because εκ:from του:the οινου:wine του:the θυμου:fury τηϲ:of-the πορνειαϲ:fornication αυτηϲ:of-her πεπωκαν:have-drunk παντα:all τα:the εθνη:nations και:and οι:the βαϲιλειϲ:kings τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth μετ:with αυτηϲ:her επορνευϲαν:fornicated και:and οι:the εμποροι:merchants τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth εκ:by τηϲ:the δυναμεωϲ:power του:the ϲτρηνουϲ:luxury αυτηϲ:of-her επλουτηϲαν:became-rich
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 18:2 | βαβυλων:Babylon | [Babylon] – the symbolic world-city and empire, fallen and become a dwelling-place of demons and every unclean spirit and hated bird. |
(4) και:And ηκουϲα:I-heard αλλην:another φωνην:voice εκ:out-of του:the ουρανου:heaven λεγουϲαν:saying εξελθατε:Come-out ο:the λαοϲ:people μου:of-Me εξ:out-of αυτηϲ:her ινα:so-that μη:not ϲυγκοινωνηϲητε:you-should-share-in ταιϲ:the αμαρτιαιϲ:sins αυτηϲ:of-her και:and εκ:from των:the πληγων:plagues αυτηϲ:of-her ινα:so-that μη:not λαβητε:you-should-receive (5) οτι:Because εκολληθηϲαν:clung αυτηϲ:of-her αι:the αμαρτιαι:sins αχρι:up-to του:the ουρανου:heaven και:and εμνημονευϲεν:remembered ο:the θεοϲ:God τα:the αδικηματα:unrighteous-deeds αυτηϲ:of-her (6) αποδοτε:Pay-back αυτη:to-her ωϲ:as και:also αυτη:she απεδωκεν:paid-back και:and διπλωϲατε:double τα:the διπλα:double-things κατα:according-to τα:the εργα:works αυτηϲ:of-her εν:in τω:the ποτηριω:cup ω:which εκεραϲεν:she-mixed κεραϲατε:mix αυτη:to-her διπλουν:double (7) οϲα:As-much-as εδοξαϲεν:she-glorified αυτην:herself και:and εϲτρηνιαϲεν:she-lived-in-luxury τοϲουτον:so-much δοτε:give αυτη:to-her βαϲανιϲμον:torment και:and πενθοϲ:mourning οτι:because εν:in τη:the καρδια:heart αυτηϲ:of-her λεγει:she-says οτι:that καθημαι:I-sit βαϲιλιϲϲα:a-queen και:and χηρα:widow ουκ:not ειμι:I-am και:and πενθοϲ:mourning ου-μη:never ιδω:I-may-see (8) δια:Because-of τουτο:this εν:in μια:one ημερα:day ηξουϲιν:will-come αι:the πληγαι:plagues αυτηϲ:of-her θανατοϲ:death και:and πενθοϲ:mourning και:and λιμοϲ:famine και:and εν:by πυρι:fire κατακαυθηϲεται:she-will-be-burned-up οτι:because ιϲχυροϲ:strong κυριοϲ:Lord ο:the θεοϲ:God ο:the-One κριναϲ:having-judged αυτην:her
(9) και:And κλαυϲουϲιν:will-weep και:and κοψονται:will-lament επ:over αυτην:her οι:the βαϲιλειϲ:kings τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth οι:the-ones μετ:with αυτηϲ:her πορνευϲαντεϲ:having-fornicated και:and ϲτρηνιαϲαντεϲ:having-lived-in-luxury οταν:when βλεπωϲιν:they-see τον:the καπνον:smoke τηϲ:of-the πυρωϲεωϲ:burning αυτηϲ:of-her (10) απο:From μακροθεν:afar εϲτηκοτεϲ:having-stood δια:because-of τον:the φοβον:fear του:of-the βαϲανιϲμου:torment αυτηϲ:of-her λεγοντεϲ:saying ουαι:Woe ουαι:woe η:the πολιϲ:city η:the μεγαλη:great βαβυλων:Babylon η:the πολιϲ:city η:the ιϲχυρα:strong οτι:because μια:one ωρα:hour ηλθεν:came η:the κριϲιϲ:judgment ϲου:of-you (11) και:And οι:the εμποροι:merchants τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth κλαιουϲιν:weep και:and πενθουϲιν:mourn επ:over αυτην:her οτι:because τον:the γομον:cargo αυτων:of-them ουδειϲ:no-one αγοραζει:buys ουκετι:no-longer (12) γομον:cargo χρυϲου:of-gold και:and αργυρου:of-silver και:and λιθου:of-stone τιμιου:precious και:and μαργαριτων:of-pearls και:and βυϲϲινου:of-fine-linen και:and πορφυραϲ:of-purple και:and ϲιρικου:of-silk και:and κοκκινου:of-scarlet και:and παν:every ξυλον:wood θυινον:thyine-wood και:and παν:every ϲκευοϲ:vessel ελεφαντινον:of-ivory και:and παν:every ϲκευοϲ:vessel εκ:from ξυλου:wood τιμιωτατου:most-precious και:and χαλκου:of-bronze και:and ϲιδηρου:of-iron και:and μαρμαρου:of-marble (13) και:And κινναμωμον:cinnamon και:and αμωμον:amomum και:and θυμιαματα:incenses και:and μυρον:ointment και:and λιβανον:frankincense και:and οινον:wine και:and ελαιον:oil και:and ϲεμιδαλιν:fine-flour και:and ϲιτον:wheat και:and κτηνη:cattle και:and προβατα:sheep και:and ιππων:of-horses και:and ρεδων:of-chariots και:and ϲωματων:of-bodies και:and ψυχαϲ:lives ανθρωπων:of-men (14) και:And η:the οπωρα:fruit ϲου:of-you τηϲ:of-the επιθυμιαϲ:desire τηϲ:of-the ψυχηϲ:life απηλθεν:went-away απο:from ϲου:you και:and παντα:all τα:the λιπαρα:rich-things και:and τα:the λαμπρα:bright-things απωλετο:perished απο:from ϲου:you και:and ουκετι:no-longer ου-μη:never αυτα:them ευρηϲουϲιν:they-will-find (15) οι:The εμποροι:merchants τουτων:of-these-things οι:the-ones πλουτηϲαντεϲ:having-become-rich απ:from αυτηϲ:her απο:from μακροθεν:afar ϲτηϲονται:will-stand δια:because-of τον:the φοβον:fear του:of-the βαϲανιϲμου:torment αυτηϲ:of-her κλαιοντεϲ:weeping και:and πενθουντεϲ:mourning (16) λεγοντεϲ:Saying ουαι:Woe ουαι:woe η:the πολιϲ:city η:the μεγαλη:great η:the-one περιβεβλημενη:having-clothed-herself βυϲϲινον:fine-linen και:and πορφυρουν:purple και:and κοκκινον:scarlet και:and κεχρυϲωμενη:having-been-gilded εν:with χρυϲιω:gold και:and λιθω:stone τιμιω:precious και:and μαργαριτη:pearl (17) οτι:Because μια:one ωρα:hour ηρημωθη:was-desolated ο:the τοϲουτοϲ:so-great πλουτοϲ:wealth και:and παϲ:every κυβερνητηϲ:pilot και:and παϲ:every ο:the-one επι:in τοπον:a-place πλεων:sailing και:and ναυται:sailors και:and οϲοι:as-many-as την:the θαλαϲϲαν:sea εργαζονται:work απο:from μακροθεν:afar εϲτηϲαν:stood (18) και:And εκραζον:they-cried-out βλεποντεϲ:seeing τον:the καπνον:smoke τηϲ:of-the πυρωϲεωϲ:burning αυτηϲ:of-her λεγοντεϲ:saying τιϲ:who ομοια:is-like τη:the πολει:city τη:the μεγαλη:great (19) και:And εβαλον:they-cast χουν:dust επι:upon ταϲ:the κεφαλαϲ:heads αυτων:of-them και:and εκραζον:they-cried-out κλαιοντεϲ:weeping και:and πενθουντεϲ:mourning λεγοντεϲ:saying ουαι:Woe ουαι:woe η:the πολιϲ:city η:the μεγαλη:great εν:in η:which επλουτηϲαν:became-rich παντεϲ:all οι:the-ones εχοντεϲ:having τα:the πλοια:ships εν:in τη:the θαλαϲϲη:sea εκ:by τηϲ:the τιμιοτητοϲ:preciousness αυτηϲ:of-her οτι:because μια:one ωρα:hour ηρημωθη:was-desolated
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 18:10 | βαβυλων:Babylon | [Babylon] – the strong city, whose judgment comes in a single hour; the name continues to signify the world-city and empire. |
(20) ευφραινου:Rejoice επ:over αυτη:her ουρανε:heaven και:and οι:the αγιοι:saints και:and οι:the αποϲτολοι:apostles και:and οι:the προφηται:prophets οτι:because εκρινεν:judged ο:the θεοϲ:God το:the κριμα:judgment υμων:of-you εξ:out-of αυτηϲ:her (21) και:And ηρεν:lifted-up ειϲ:one αγγελοϲ:angel ιϲχυροϲ:strong λιθον:stone ωϲ:like μυλινον:millstone μεγαν:great και:and εβαλεν:cast ειϲ:into την:the θαλαϲϲαν:sea λεγων:saying ουτωϲ:thus ορμηματι:with-violence βληθηϲεται:will-be-cast βαβυλων:Babylon η:the μεγαλη:great πολιϲ:city και:and ου-μη:never ευρεθη:will-be-found ετι:still (22) και:And φωνη:sound κιθαρωδων:of-harpists και:and μουϲικων:of-musicians και:and αυλητων:of-flutists και:and ϲαλπιϲτων:of-trumpeters ου-μη:never ακουϲθη:will-be-heard εν:in ϲοι:you ετι:still και:and παϲ:every τεχνιτηϲ:craftsman παϲηϲ:of-every τεχνηϲ:craft ου-μη:never ευρεθη:will-be-found εν:in ϲοι:you ετι:still και:and φωνη:sound μυλου:of-millstone ου-μη:never ακουϲθη:will-be-heard εν:in ϲοι:you ετι:still (23) και:And φωϲ:light λυχνου:of-lamp ου-μη:never φανη:will-shine εν:in ϲοι:you ετι:still και:and φωνη:voice νυμφιου:of-bridegroom και:and νυμφηϲ:of-bride ου-μη:never ακουϲθη:will-be-heard εν:in ϲοι:you ετι:still οτι:because οι:the εμποροι:merchants ϲου:of-you ηϲαν:were οι:the μεγιϲτανεϲ:magnates τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth οτι:because εν:by τη:the φαρμακεια:sorcery ϲου:of-you επλανηθηϲαν:were-led-astray παντα:all τα:the εθνη:nations (24) και:And εν:in αυτη:her αιμα:blood προφητων:of-prophets και:and αγιων:of-saints ευρεθη:was-found και:and παντων:of-all των:the εϲφαγμενων:ones-having-been-slain επι:upon τηϲ:the γηϲ:earth
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 18:21 | βαβυλων:Babylon | [Babylon] – the great city hurled down with violence, as a millstone is cast into the sea; the established gloss presents the symbolic world-city and empire. |
Revelation 19
(1) μετα:After ταυτα:these-things ηκουϲα:I-heard ωϲ:like φωνην:voice μεγαλην:great οχλου:of-multitude πολλου:great εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven λεγοντων:saying αλληλουια:Hallelujah η:the ϲωτηρια:salvation και:and η:the δοξα:glory και:and η:the δυναμιϲ:power του:of-the θεου:God ημων:of-us (2) οτι:because αληθιναι:true και:and δικαιαι:righteous αι:the κριϲειϲ:judgments αυτου:of-Him οτι:because εκρινεν:judged την:the πορνην:harlot την:the μεγαλην:great ητιϲ:who εφθειρεν:corrupted την:the γην:earth εν:by τη:the πορνεια:fornication αυτηϲ:of-her και:and εξεδικηϲεν:avenged το:the αιμα:blood των:of-the δουλων:bondservants αυτου:of-Him εκ:from χειροϲ:hand αυτηϲ:of-her (3) και:And δευτερον:second ειρηκαν:they-have-said αλληλουια:Hallelujah και:and ο:the καπνοϲ:smoke αυτηϲ:of-her αναβαινει:goes-up ειϲ:unto τουϲ:the αιωναϲ:ages των:of-the αιωνων:ages (4) και:And επεϲαν:fell οι:the πρεϲβυτεροι:elders οι:the εικοϲι:twenty τεϲϲαρεϲ:four και:and τα:the τεϲϲαρα:four ζωα:living-creatures και:and προϲεκυνηϲαν:worshipped τω:the θεω:God τω:the καθημενω:One-sitting επι:upon τω:the θρονω:throne λεγοντεϲ:saying αμην:Amen αλληλουια:Hallelujah (5) και:And φωνη:voice απο:from του:the θρονου:throne εξηλθεν:came-out λεγουϲα:saying αινειτε:Praise τω:the θεω:God ημων:of-us παντεϲ:all οι:the δουλοι:bondservants αυτου:of-Him και:and οι:the φοβουμενοι:ones-fearing αυτον:Him οι:the μικροι:small και:and οι:the μεγαλοι:great
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 19:4 | προϲεκυνηϲαν:worshipped | [worshipped] – the twenty-four elders and the four living-creatures bow before God on the throne; the worship-word belongs to the one God, in line with the book-wide translation convention that distinguishes such worship from the homage shown to the Lamb and other agents. |
(6) και:And ηκουϲα:I-heard ωϲ:like φωνην:voice οχλου:of-multitude πολλου:great και:and ωϲ:like φωνην:sound υδατων:of-waters πολλων:many και:and ωϲ:like φωνην:sound βροντων:of-thunders ιϲχυρων:mighty λεγοντων:saying αλληλουια:Hallelujah οτι:because εβαϲιλευϲεν:reigned κυριοϲ:Lord ο:the θεοϲ:God ημων:of-us ο:the παντοκρατωρ:Almighty (7) χαιρωμεν:Let-us-rejoice και:and αγαλλιωμεν:let-us-exult και:and δωϲωμεν:let-us-give την:the δοξαν:glory αυτω:to-Him οτι:because ηλθεν:came ο:the γαμοϲ:marriage του:of-the αρνιου:lamb και:and η:the γυνη:wife αυτου:of-him ητοιμαϲεν:prepared εαυτην:herself (8) και:And εδοθη:was-given αυτη:to-her ινα:that περιβαληται:she-might-clothe-herself βυϲϲινον:fine-linen λαμπρον:bright καθαρον:clean το:the γαρ:for βυϲϲινον:fine-linen τα:the δικαιωματα:righteous-deeds των:of-the αγιων:saints εϲτιν:is (9) και:And λεγει:says μοι:to-me γραψον:Write μακαριοι:Blessed οι:the-ones ειϲ:to το:the δειπνον:supper του:of-the γαμου:marriage του:of-the αρνιου:lamb κεκλημενοι:having-been-called και:and λεγει:says μοι:to-me ουτοι:these οι:the λογοι:words αληθινοι:true του:of-the θεου:God ειϲιν:are (10) και:And επεϲα:I-fell εμπροϲθεν:before των:the ποδων:feet αυτου:of-him προϲκυνηϲαι:to-do-obeisance αυτω:to-him και:and λεγει:says μοι:to-me ορα:See μη:not ϲυνδουλοϲ:co-bondservant ϲου:of-you ειμι:I-am και:and των:of-the αδελφων:brothers ϲου:of-you των:the εχοντων:having την:the μαρτυριαν:testimony ιηϲου:of-Jesus τω:to-the θεω:God προϲκυνηϲον:worship η:for the γαρ:for μαρτυρια:testimony ιηϲου:of-Jesus εϲτιν:is το:the πνευμα:spirit τηϲ:of-the προφητειαϲ:prophecy
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 19:7 | αρνιου:lamb | [lamb] – the lamb whose marriage has come in the heavenly celebration; the established gloss presents the title of God’s appointed agent, the slain-yet-standing lamb, lowercased throughout. |
| 19:9 | αρνιου:lamb | [lamb] – the lamb whose marriage-supper the blessed are called to; the same title of the appointed agent is retained. |
| 19:10 | προϲκυνηϲαι:to-do-obeisance | [to-do-obeisance] – John’s posture of honour before the angel; the book-wide translation convention renders the gestured homage by its context, distinguishing it from the worship that belongs to God alone. |
| 19:10 | προϲκυνηϲον:worship | [worship] – the angel’s command directs John to worship God, the source of the prophetic testimony; the worship-word marks the honour that belongs to the one God. |
| 19:10 | μαρτυριαν:testimony | [testimony] – the testimony of Jesus, the forensic word of public attestation; the established gloss keeps its witness-bearing sense. |
| 19:10 | πνευμα:spirit | [spirit] – the spirit of prophecy, God’s empowering presence that impels the prophetic word; the book-wide convention renders the spirit lowercase. |
(11) και:And ειδον:I-saw τον:the ουρανον:heaven ηνεωγμενον:having-been-opened και:and ιδου:behold ιπποϲ:horse λευκοϲ:white και:and ο:the καθημενοϲ:one-sitting επ:upon αυτον:it καλουμενοϲ:being-called πιϲτοϲ:Faithful και:and αληθινοϲ:True και:and εν:in δικαιοϲυνη:righteousness κρινει:he-judges και:and πολεμει:he-wars (12) οι:the δε:and οφθαλμοι:eyes αυτου:of-him ωϲ:like φλοξ:flame πυροϲ:of-fire και:and επι:upon την:the κεφαλην:head αυτου:of-him διαδηματα:diadems πολλα:many εχων:having ονομα:name γεγραμμενον:having-been-written ο:which ουδειϲ:no-one οιδεν:knows ει-μη:except αυτοϲ:himself (13) και:And περιβεβλημενοϲ:having-clothed-himself ιματιον:garment βεβαμμενον:having-been-dipped αιματι:in-blood και:and κεκληται:has-been-called το:the ονομα:name αυτου:of-him ο:the λογοϲ:word του:of-the θεου:God (14) και:And τα:the ϲτρατευματα:armies τα:the εν:in τω:the ουρανω:heaven ηκολουθει:followed αυτω:him εφ:on ιπποιϲ:horses λευκοιϲ:white ενδεδυμενοι:having-clothed-themselves βυϲϲινον:fine-linen λευκον:white καθαρον:clean (15) και:And εκ:out-of του:the ϲτοματοϲ:mouth αυτου:of-him εκπορευεται:goes-out ρομφαια:sword οξεια:sharp ινα:so-that εν:in αυτη:it παταξη:he-might-strike τα:the εθνη:nations και:and αυτοϲ:he ποιμανει:will-shepherd αυτουϲ:them εν:with ραβδω:rod ϲιδηρα:of-iron και:and αυτοϲ:he πατει:treads την:the ληνον:winepress του:of-the οινου:wine του:of-the θυμου:fury τηϲ:of-the οργηϲ:wrath του:of-the θεου:God του:of-the παντοκρατοροϲ:Almighty (16) και:And εχει:he-has επι:upon το:the ιματιον:garment και:and επι:upon τον:the μηρον:thigh αυτου:of-him ονομα:name γεγραμμενον:having-been-written βαϲιλευϲ:King βαϲιλεων:of-kings και:and κυριοϲ:Lord κυριων:of-lords
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 19:11 | καθημενοϲ:one-sitting | [one-sitting] – the rider on the white horse, named Faithful and True; the lowercased form keeps this agent of God’s judgment within the book’s pattern of delegated riders, distinct from the One seated on the heavenly throne. |
(17) και:And ειδον:I-saw ενα:one αγγελον:angel εϲτωτα:standing εν:in τω:the ηλιω:sun και:and εκραξεν:cried-out εν:in φωνη:voice μεγαλη:great λεγων:saying παϲιν:to-all τοιϲ:the ορνεοιϲ:birds τοιϲ:the πετομενοιϲ:flying εν:in μεϲουρανηματι:mid-heaven δευτε:Come ϲυναχθητε:be-gathered ειϲ:for το:the δειπνον:supper το:the μεγα:great του:of-the θεου:God (18) ινα:so-that φαγητε:you-may-eat ϲαρκαϲ:flesh βαϲιλεων:of-kings και:and ϲαρκαϲ:flesh χιλιαρχων:of-commanders και:and ϲαρκαϲ:flesh ιϲχυρων:of-mighty-ones και:and ϲαρκαϲ:flesh ιππων:of-horses και:and των:of-the καθημενων:ones-sitting επ:upon αυτων:them και:and ϲαρκαϲ:flesh παντων:of-all ελευθερων:free τε:both και:and δουλων:slaves και:and μικρων:small και:and μεγαλων:great (19) και:And ειδον:I-saw το:the θηριον:beast και:and τουϲ:the βαϲιλειϲ:kings τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth και:and τα:the ϲτρατευματα:armies αυτων:of-them ϲυνηγμενα:having-been-gathered ποιηϲαι:to-make τον:the πολεμον:war μετα:with του:of-the καθημενου:one-sitting επι:upon του:the ιππου:horse και:and μετα:with του:of-the ϲτρατευματοϲ:army αυτου:of-him (20) και:And επιαϲθη:was-seized το:the θηριον:beast και:and μετ:with αυτου:it ο:the ψευδοπροφητηϲ:false-prophet ο:the-one ποιηϲαϲ:having-made τα:the ϲημεια:signs ενωπιον:before αυτου:it εν:by οιϲ:which επλανηϲεν:he-led-astray τουϲ:the λαβονταϲ:ones-having-received το:the χαραγμα:mark του:of-the θηριου:beast και:and τουϲ:the προϲκυνουνταϲ:ones-worshipping τη:the εικονι:image αυτου:of-it ζωντεϲ:alive εβληθηϲαν:were-cast οι:the δυο:two ειϲ:into την:the λιμνην:lake του:of-the πυροϲ:fire τηϲ:the καιομενηϲ:burning εν:in θειω:sulfur (21) και:And οι:the λοιποι:rest απεκτανθηϲαν:were-killed εν:by τη:the ρομφαια:sword του:of-the καθημενου:one-sitting επι:upon του:the ιππου:horse τη:the εξελθουϲη:having-come-out εκ:out-of του:the ϲτοματοϲ:mouth αυτου:of-him και:and παντα:all τα:the ορνεα:birds εχορταϲθηϲαν:were-filled εκ:from των:the ϲαρκων:flesh αυτων:of-them
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 19:19 | καθημενου:one-sitting | [one-sitting] – the rider on the horse with whom the beast and the earth’s kings gather to make war; the lowercased form marks the same delegated agent. |
| 19:20 | χαραγμα:mark | – the branded sign of allegiance to the beast; the established gloss conveys how the mark parodies the seal of God and the covenant-sign, worn on the hand or forehead. |
| 19:20 | προϲκυνουνταϲ:ones-worshipping | [ones-worshipping] – those who bent the knee to the beast’s image are named in the judgment; the translation names this false homage with the worship-word, marking it plainly as the unlawful devotion that parodies the worship of the one God. |
| 19:21 | καθημενου:one-sitting | [one-sitting] – the rider whose sword completes the judgment of the rest; the same designation continues for this agent of God’s judgment. |
Revelation 20
(1) Και:And ειδον:I-saw αγγελον:angel καταβαινοντα:coming-down εκ:from του:the ουρανου:heaven εχοντα:having την:the κλειν:key τηϲ:of-the αβυϲϲου:abyss και:and αλυϲιν:chain μεγαλην:great επι:upon την:the χειρα:hand αυτου:of-him (2) Και:And εκρατηϲεν:seized τον:the δρακοντα:dragon ο:the οφιϲ:serpent ο:the αρχαιοϲ:ancient οϲ:who εϲτιν:is Διαβολοϲ:Devil και:and ο:the ϲαταναϲ:Adversary και:and εδηϲεν:bound αυτον:him χιλια:a-thousand ετη:years (3) Και:And εβαλεν:cast αυτον:him ειϲ:into την:the αβυϲϲον:abyss και:and εκλειϲεν:shut και:and εϲφραγιϲεν:sealed επανω:over αυτου:him ινα:so-that μη:not πλανηϲη:he-might-lead-astray ετι:still τα:the εθνη:nations αχρι:until τελεϲθη:should-be-completed τα:the χιλια:thousand ετη:years μετα:after ταυτα:these-things δει:it-is-necessary λυθηναι:to-be-loosed αυτον:him μικρον:little χρονον:time
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 20:2 | χιλια:a-thousand ετη:years | [a-thousand years] – the bounded period of the dragon’s binding; the established gloss presents the intermediate-messianic-reign cipher in which the martyrs are vindicated. |
| 20:3 | χιλια:thousand ετη:years | [thousand years] – the same bounded period, completed twice in the vision; the cipher holds the period within the book’s own symbolic frame. |
(4) Και:And ειδον:I-saw θρονουϲ:thrones και:and εκαθιϲαν:they-sat επ:upon αυτουϲ:them και:and κριμα:judgment εδοθη:was-given αυτοιϲ:to-them και:and ταϲ:the ψυχαϲ:lives των:of-the πεπελεκιϲμενων:ones-having-been-beheaded δια:because-of την:the μαρτυριαν:testimony ιηϲου:of-Jesus και:and δια:because-of τον:the λογον:word του:of-the θεου:God και:and οιτινεϲ:who ου:not προϲεκυνηϲαν:worshipped το:the θηριον:beast ουδε:nor την:the εικονα:image αυτου:of-it και:and ουκ:not ελαβον:received το:the χαραγμα:mark επι:upon το:the μετωπον:forehead και:and επι:upon την:the χειρα:hand αυτων:of-them και:and εζηϲαν:lived και:and εβαϲιλευϲαν:reigned μετα:with του:the χριϲτου:Christ χιλια:a-thousand ετη:years (5) Οι:The λοιποι:rest των:of-the νεκρων:dead ουκ:not εζηϲαν:lived αχρι:until τελεϲθη:should-be-completed τα:the χιλια:thousand ετη:years αυτη:this η:the αναϲταϲιϲ:resurrection η:the πρωτη:first (6) Μακαριοϲ:Blessed και:and αγιοϲ:holy ο:the-one εχων:having μεροϲ:part εν:in τη:the αναϲταϲει:resurrection τη:the πρωτη:first επι:over τουτων:these ο:the δευτεροϲ:second θανατοϲ:death ουκ:not εχει:has εξουϲιαν:authority αλλ:but εϲονται:they-will-be ιερειϲ:priests του:of-the θεου:God και:and του:of-the χριϲτου:Christ και:and βαϲιλευϲουϲιν:will-reign μετ:with αυτου:him τα:the χιλια:thousand ετη:years
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 20:4 | μαρτυριαν:testimony | [testimony] – the testimony of Jesus for which the beheaded had died; the forensic term of public attestation keeps its whole-book sense. |
| 20:4 | προϲεκυνηϲαν:worshipped | [worshipped] – the faithful who refused to bow to the beast or its image; the worship-word marks what they refused, the false homage of the beast-complex. |
| 20:4 | χαραγμα:mark | – the branded sign the faithful refused to receive; the same parody-register is kept, the mark of allegiance standing against the seal of God. |
| 20:4 | χιλια:a-thousand ετη:years | [a-thousand years] – the reign of the martyrs with the Christ; the bounded intermediate-messianic-reign cipher governs the whole scene. |
| 20:6 | δευτεροϲ:second θανατοϲ:death | [second death] – the lake of fire, which holds no authority over those who share in the first resurrection; the phrase realises its own definition in the vision. |
| 20:6 | χιλια:thousand ετη:years | [thousand years] – the reign of the risen priests with the Christ; the same bounded symbolic period is carried through. |
(7) Και:And οταν:when τελεϲθη:should-be-completed τα:the χιλια:thousand ετη:years λυθηϲεται:will-be-loosed ο:the ϲαταναϲ:Adversary εκ:from τηϲ:the φυλακηϲ:prison αυτου:of-him (8) Και:And εξελευϲεται:will-go-out πλανηϲαι:to-lead-astray τα:the εθνη:nations τα:the εν:in ταιϲ:the τεϲϲαρϲιν:four γωνιαιϲ:corners τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth τον:the Γωγ:Gog και:and Μαγωγ:Magog ϲυναγαγειν:to-gather αυτουϲ:them ειϲ:for τον:the πολεμον:war ων:whose ο:the αριθμοϲ:number αυτων:of-them ωϲ:like η:the αμμοϲ:sand τηϲ:of-the θαλαϲϲηϲ:sea (9) Και:And ανεβηϲαν:they-went-up επι:upon το:the πλατοϲ:breadth τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth και:and εκυκλευϲαν:surrounded την:the παρεμβολην:camp των:of-the αγιων:saints και:and την:the πολιν:city την:the ηγαπημενην:beloved και:and κατεβη:came-down πυρ:fire εκ:from του:the ουρανου:heaven και:and κατεφαγεν:devoured αυτουϲ:them (10) Και:And ο:the διαβολοϲ:devil ο:the πλανων:leading-astray αυτουϲ:them εβληθη:was-cast ειϲ:into την:the λιμνην:lake του:of-the πυροϲ:fire και:and θειου:sulfur οπου:where και:also το:the θηριον:beast και:and ο:the ψευδοπροφητηϲ:false-prophet και:and βαϲανιϲθηϲονται:they-will-be-tormented ημεραϲ:day και:and νυκτοϲ:night ειϲ:unto τουϲ:the αιωναϲ:ages των:of-the αιωνων:ages
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 20:7 | χιλια:thousand ετη:years | [thousand years] – the bounded period now completed, releasing the Adversary for his final deception; the cipher maintains its symbolic limit. |
(11) Και:And ειδον:I-saw θρονον:throne μεγαν:great λευκον:white και:and τον:the καθημενον:One-sitting επ:upon αυτον:it ου:from whom απο:from του:the προϲωπου:face εφυγεν:fled η:the γη:earth και:and ο:the ουρανοϲ:heaven και:and τοποϲ:place ουχ:not ευρεθη:was-found αυτοιϲ:for-them (12) Και:And ειδον:I-saw τουϲ:the νεκρουϲ:dead τουϲ:the μεγαλουϲ:great και:and τουϲ:the μικρουϲ:small εϲτωταϲ:standing ενωπιον:before του:the θρονου:throne και:and βιβλια:books ηνοιχθηϲαν:were-opened και:and αλλο:another βιβλιον:book ηνοιχθη:was-opened ο:which εϲτιν:is τηϲ:of-the ζωηϲ:life και:and εκριθηϲαν:were-judged οι:the νεκροι:dead εκ:from των:the γεγραμμενων:things-having-been-written εν:in τοιϲ:the βιβλιοιϲ:books κατα:according-to τα:the εργα:works αυτων:of-them (13) Και:And εδωκεν:gave η:the θαλαϲϲα:sea τουϲ:the νεκρουϲ:dead τουϲ:the εν:in αυτη:it και:and ο:the θανατοϲ:Death και:and ο:the αδηϲ:Hades εδωκαν:gave τουϲ:the νεκρουϲ:dead τουϲ:the εν:in αυτοιϲ:them και:and εκριθηϲαν:were-judged εκαϲτοϲ:each κατα:according-to τα:the εργα:works αυτων:of-them (14) Και:And ο:the θανατοϲ:Death και:and ο:the αδηϲ:Hades εβληθηϲαν:were-cast ειϲ:into την:the λιμνην:lake του:of-the πυροϲ:fire ουτοϲ:this ο:the θανατοϲ:death ο:the δευτεροϲ:second εϲτιν:is η:the λιμνη:lake του:of-the πυροϲ:fire (15) Και:And ει:if τιϲ:anyone ουχ:not ευρεθη:was-found εν:in τη:the βιβλω:book τηϲ:of-the ζωηϲ:life γεγραμμενοϲ:having-been-written εβληθη:was-cast ειϲ:into την:the λιμνην:lake του:of-the πυροϲ:fire
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 20:11 | καθημενον:One-sitting | [One-sitting] – the One enthroned on the great white throne, from whose face the earth and the heaven flee; the capitalised form marks the one God himself, distinct by the book’s convention from the riders and agents. |
| 20:12 | βιβλιον τηϲ ζωηϲ : book of-life | [book of-life] – the covenant-roll of the lamb, opened at the great assize; the established gloss presents it as the roll that records the names of the faithful. |
| 20:14 | θανατοϲ:death δευτεροϲ:second | [second death] – the lake of fire, named explicitly as the final death; the apposition realises the phrase’s meaning plainly. |
| 20:15 | βιβλω τηϲ ζωηϲ : book of-life | [book of-life] – the same covenant-roll, determining the verdict of the dead; the one not found written in it is cast into the lake of fire. |
Revelation 21
(1) Και:And ειδον:I-saw ουρανον:heaven καινον:new και:and γην:earth καινην:new ο:the γαρ:for πρωτοϲ:first ουρανοϲ:heaven και:and η:the πρωτη:first γη:earth απηλθαν:passed-away και:and η:the θαλαϲϲα:sea ουκ:not εϲτιν:is ετι:still (2) Και:And την:the πολιν:city την:the αγιαν:holy ιερουϲαλημ:Jerusalem καινην:new ειδον:I-saw καταβαινουϲαν:coming-down εκ:out-of του:the ουρανου:heaven απο:from του:the θεου:God ητοιμαϲμενην:having-been-prepared ωϲ:as νυμφην:bride κεκοϲμημενην:having-been-adorned τω:for-the ανδρι:husband αυτηϲ:of-her (3) Και:And ηκουϲα:I-heard φωνηϲ:voice μεγαληϲ:great εκ:out-of του:the θρονου:throne λεγουϲηϲ:saying Ιδου:Behold η:the ϲκηνη:tabernacle του:of-the θεου:God μετα:with των:the ανθρωπων:men και:and ϲκηνωϲει:will-tabernacle μετ:with αυτων:them και:and αυτοι:they λαοι:peoples αυτου:of-Him εϲονται:will-be και:and αυτοϲ:He ο:the θεοϲ:God μετ:with αυτων:them εϲται:will-be αυτων:of-them θεοϲ:God (4) Και:And εξαλειψει:will-wipe-away παν:every δακρυον:tear εκ:from των:the οφθαλμων:eyes αυτων:of-them και:and ο:the θανατοϲ:death ουκ:not εϲται:will-be ετι:still ουτε:nor πενθοϲ:mourning ουτε:nor κραυγη:outcry ουτε:nor πονοϲ:pain ουκ:not εϲται:will-be ετι:still οτι:because τα:the πρωτα:first-things απηλθαν:passed-away (5) Και:And ειπεν:said ο:the-One καθημενοϲ:sitting επι:upon τω:the θρονω:throne Ιδου:Behold καινα:new ποιω:I-am-making παντα:all-things και:and λεγει:He-says γραψον:Write οτι:that ουτοι:these οι:the λογοι:words πιϲτοι:faithful και:and αληθινοι:true ειϲιν:are (6) Και:And ειπεν:He-said μοι:to-me Γεγοναν:It-has-become Εγω:I ειμι:am το:the Αλφα:Alpha και:and το:the Ω:Omega η:the αρχη:beginning και:and το:the τελοϲ:end Εγω:I τω:to-the-one διψωντι:thirsting δωϲω:will-give εκ:from τηϲ:the πηγηϲ:spring του:of-the υδατοϲ:water τηϲ:of-the ζωηϲ:life δωρεαν:freely (7) Ο:the-one νικων:overcoming κληρονομηϲει:will-inherit ταυτα:these-things και:and εϲομαι:I-will-be αυτω:to-him θεοϲ:God και:and αυτοϲ:he εϲται:will-be μοι:to-Me υιοϲ:son (8) Τοιϲ:To-the δε:and δειλοιϲ:cowardly και:and απιϲτοιϲ:faithless και:and εβδελυγμενοιϲ:abominable-ones και:and φονευϲιν:murderers και:and πορνοιϲ:fornicators και:and φαρμακοιϲ:sorcerers και:and ειδωλολατραιϲ:idolaters και:and παϲιν:all τοιϲ:the ψευδεϲιν:liars το:the μεροϲ:part αυτων:of-them εν:in τη:the λιμνη:lake τη:the καιομενη:burning πυρι:with-fire και:and θειω:sulfur ο:which εϲτιν:is ο:the θανατοϲ:death ο:the δευτεροϲ:second
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 21:5 | ο:the-One καθημενοϲ:sitting | [the-One sitting] – the one seated on the throne who declares, “I am making all things new”; the capitalised form belongs to the one God, the source and author of the new creation. |
(9) Και:And ηλθεν:came ειϲ:one εκ:from των:of-the επτα:seven αγγελων:angels των:the εχοντων:having ταϲ:the επτα:seven φιαλαϲ:bowls των:the γεμοντων:being-full των:of-the επτα:seven πληγων:plagues των:of-the εϲχατων:last και:and ελαληϲεν:spoke μετ:with εμου:me λεγων:saying Δευρο:Come δειξω:I-will-show ϲοι:you την:the νυμφην:bride την:the γυναικα:wife του:of-the αρνιου:lamb (10) Και:And απηνεγκεν:carried-away με:me εν:in πνευματι:spirit επι:upon οροϲ:mountain μεγα:great και:and υψηλον:high και:and εδειξεν:showed μοι:me την:the πολιν:city την:the αγιαν:holy ιερουϲαλημ:Jerusalem καταβαινουϲαν:coming-down εκ:out-of του:the ουρανου:heaven απο:from του:the θεου:God (11) Εχουϲαν:having την:the δοξαν:glory του:of-the θεου:God ο:the φωϲτηρ:light-giver αυτηϲ:of-her ομοιοϲ:like λιθω:stone τιμιωτατω:most-precious ωϲ:as λιθω:stone ιαϲπιδι:jasper κρυϲταλλιζοντι:crystallizing (12) Εχουϲα:having τειχοϲ:wall μεγα:great και:and υψηλον:high εχουϲα:having πυλωναϲ:gateways δωδεκα:twelve και:and επι:upon τοιϲ:the πυλωϲιν:gateways αγγελουϲ:angels δωδεκα:twelve και:and ονοματα:names επιγεγραμμενα:having-been-inscribed α:which εϲτιν:are τα:the ονοματα:names των:of-the δωδεκα:twelve φυλων:tribes υιων:of-sons ιϲραηλ:of-Israel (13) Απο:From ανατοληϲ:rising πυλωνεϲ:gateways τρειϲ:three και:and απο:from βορρα:north πυλωνεϲ:gateways τρειϲ:three και:and απο:from νοτου:south πυλωνεϲ:gateways τρειϲ:three και:and απο:from δυϲμων:setting πυλωνεϲ:gateways τρειϲ:three (14) Και:And το:the τειχοϲ:wall τηϲ:of-the πολεωϲ:city εχων:having θεμελιουϲ:foundations δωδεκα:twelve και:and επ:upon αυτων:them δωδεκα:twelve ονοματα:names των:of-the δωδεκα:twelve αποϲτολων:apostles του:of-the αρνιου:lamb
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 21:9 | αρνιου:lamb | [lamb] – the bride is the wife of the lamb, shown to John by the angel; the established title of the appointed agent stands lowercased. |
| 21:10 | πνευματι:spirit | [spirit] – John is carried away in the spirit, God’s empowering presence; the book-wide convention renders the spirit lowercase. |
| 21:14 | αρνιου:lamb | [lamb] – the twelve apostles of the lamb whose names are upon the city’s foundations; the same title of the appointed agent is retained. |
(15) Και:And ο:the-one λαλων:speaking μετ:with εμου:me ειχεν:had μετρον:measure καλαμον:rod χρυϲουν:golden ινα:so-that μετρηϲη:he-might-measure την:the πολιν:city και:and τουϲ:the πυλωναϲ:gateways αυτηϲ:of-her και:and το:the τειχοϲ:wall αυτηϲ:of-her (16) Και:And η:the πολιϲ:city τετραγωνοϲ:square κειται:lies και:and το:the μηκοϲ:length αυτηϲ:of-her οϲον:as-much και:and το:the πλατοϲ:breadth και:and εμετρηϲεν:measured την:the πολιν:city τω:with-the καλαμω:rod επι:to ϲταδιων:stadia δωδεκα:twelve χιλιαδων:thousands το:the μηκοϲ:length και:and το:the πλατοϲ:breadth και:and το:the υψοϲ:height αυτηϲ:of-her ιϲα:equal εϲτιν:are (17) Και:And εμετρηϲεν:measured το:the τειχοϲ:wall αυτηϲ:of-her εκατον:one-hundred τεϲϲερακοντα:forty τεϲϲαρων:four πηχων:cubits μετρον:measure ανθρωπου:of-man ο:which εϲτιν:is αγγελου:of-angel (18) Και:And η:the ενδωμηϲιϲ:fabric του:of-the τειχουϲ:wall αυτηϲ:of-her ιαϲπιϲ:jasper και:and η:the πολιϲ:city χρυϲιον:gold καθαρον:clean ομοιον:like υαλω:glass καθαρω:clean (19) Οι:The θεμελιοι:foundations του:of-the τειχουϲ:wall τηϲ:of-the πολεωϲ:city παντι:with-every λιθω:stone τιμιω:precious κεκοϲμημενοι:having-been-adorned ο:the θεμελιοϲ:foundation ο:the πρωτοϲ:first ιαϲπιϲ:jasper ο:the δευτεροϲ:second ϲαπφιροϲ:sapphire ο:the τριτοϲ:third χαλκηδων:chalcedony ο:the τεταρτοϲ:fourth ϲμαραγδοϲ:emerald (20) Ο:the πεμπτοϲ:fifth ϲαρδονυξ:sardonyx ο:the εκτοϲ:sixth ϲαρδιον:sardian ο:the εβδομοϲ:seventh χρυϲολιθοϲ:chrysolite ο:the ογδοοϲ:eighth βηρυλλοϲ:beryl ο:the ενατοϲ:ninth τοπαζιον:topaz ο:the δεκατοϲ:tenth χρυϲοπραϲοϲ:chrysoprase ο:the ενδεκατοϲ:eleventh υακινθοϲ:hyacinth ο:the δωδεκατοϲ:twelfth αμεθυϲτοϲ:amethyst (21) Και:And οι:the δωδεκα:twelve πυλωνεϲ:gateways δωδεκα:twelve μαργαριται:pearls ανα:each ειϲ:one εκαϲτοϲ:each των:of-the πυλωνων:gateways ην:was εξ:from ενοϲ:one μαργαριτου:pearl και:and η:the πλατεια:street τηϲ:of-the πολεωϲ:city χρυϲιον:gold καθαρον:clean ωϲ:like υαλοϲ:glass διαυγηϲ:transparent
(22) Και:And ναον:sanctuary ουκ:not ειδον:I-saw εν:in αυτη:it ο:the γαρ:for κυριοϲ:Lord ο:the θεοϲ:God ο:the παντοκρατωρ:Almighty ναοϲ:sanctuary αυτηϲ:of-her εϲτιν:is και:and το:the αρνιον:lamb (23) Και:And η:the πολιϲ:city ου:not χρειαν:need εχει:has του:of-the ηλιου:sun ουδε:nor τηϲ:of-the ϲεληνηϲ:moon ινα:so-that φαινωϲιν:they-might-shine αυτη:on-it η:for the γαρ:for δοξα:glory του:of-the θεου:God εφωτιϲεν:enlightened αυτην:it και:and ο:the λυχνοϲ:lamp αυτηϲ:of-her το:the αρνιον:lamb (24) Και:And περιπατηϲουϲιν:will-walk τα:the εθνη:nations δια:by του:the φωτοϲ:light αυτηϲ:of-her και:and οι:the βαϲιλειϲ:kings τηϲ:of-the γηϲ:earth φερουϲιν:bring την:the δοξαν:glory αυτων:of-them ειϲ:into αυτην:it (25) Και:And οι:the πυλωνεϲ:gateways αυτηϲ:of-her ου-μη:not-at-all κλειϲθωϲιν:will-be-shut ημεραϲ:by-day νυξ:night γαρ:for ουκ:not εϲται:will-be εκει:there (26) Και:And οιϲουϲιν:they-will-bring την:the δοξαν:glory και:and την:the τιμην:honor των:of-the εθνων:nations ειϲ:into αυτην:it (27) Και:And ου-μη:not-at-all ειϲελθη:will-enter ειϲ:into αυτην:it παν:anything κοινον:common και:and ο:the-one ποιων:doing βδελυγμα:abomination και:and ψευδοϲ:falsehood ει-μη:except οι:the ones γεγραμμενοι:having-been-written εν:in τω:the βιβλιω:book τηϲ:of-the ζωηϲ:life του:of-the αρνιου:lamb
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 21:22 | αρνιον:lamb | [lamb] – the lamb, God’s appointed agent, stands with the one God as the sanctuary of the holy city; the pattern holds in which God appoints and empowers his agent without merging the two into one being. |
| 21:23 | αρνιον:lamb | [lamb] – the lamb is the city’s lamp, bearing the glory-light of the one God; the established title of the appointed agent carries that light into the new creation. |
| 21:27 | αρνιου:lamb | [lamb] – the book of life of the lamb determines entry into the city; the appointed agent’s covenant-roll stands at the gate of the holy city. |
| 21:27 | βιβλιω τηϲ ζωηϲ : book of-life | [book of-life] – the covenant-roll of the lamb, the record of those who enter the new Jerusalem; the established gloss presents it as the roll of the faithful. |
Revelation 22
(1) Και:And εδειξεν:showed μοι:me ποταμον:river υδατοϲ:of-water ζωηϲ:of-life λαμπρον:bright ωϲ:like κρυϲταλλον:crystal εκπορευομενον:going-out εκ:from του:the θρονου:throne του:of-the θεου:God και:and του:of-the αρνιου:lamb (2) Εν:In μεϲω:midst τηϲ:the πλατειαϲ:street αυτηϲ:of-it και:and του:the ποταμου:river εντευθεν:hence και:and εκειθεν:thence ξυλον:tree ζωηϲ:of-life ποιουν:bearing καρπουϲ:fruits δωδεκα:twelve κατα:according-to μηνα:month εκαϲτον:each αποδιδουν:yielding τον:the καρπον:fruit αυτου:of-it και:and τα:the φυλλα:leaves του:of-the ξυλου:tree ειϲ:for θεραπειαν:healing των:of-the εθνων:nations (3) Και:And παν:every καταθεμα:accursed-thing ουκ:not εϲται:will-be ετι:still και:and ο:the θρονοϲ:throne του:of-the θεου:God και:and του:of-the αρνιου:lamb εν:in αυτη:it εϲται:will-be και:and οι:the δουλοι:bondservants αυτου:of-Him λατρευϲουϲιν:will-offer-cultic-service αυτω:to-Him (4) Και:And οψονται:will-see το:the προϲωπον:face αυτου:of-Him και:and το:the ονομα:name αυτου:of-Him επι:upon των:the μετωπων:foreheads αυτων:of-them (5) Και:And νυξ:night ουκ:not εϲται:will-be ετι:still και:and ουκ:not εχουϲιν:they-have χρειαν:need φωτοϲ:of-light λυχνου:of-lamp και:and φωτοϲ:of-light ηλιου:of-sun οτι:because Κυριοϲ:Lord ο:the Θεοϲ:God φωτιϲει:will-give-light επ:upon αυτουϲ:them και:and βαϲιλευϲουϲιν:they-will-reign ειϲ:unto τουϲ:the αιωναϲ:ages των:of-the αιωνων:ages
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 22:1 | αρνιου:lamb | [lamb] – the lamb with whom the river of the water of life flows from the throne; the established gloss presents the slain-yet-standing agent of God, the title lowercased throughout the book. |
| 22:3 | αρνιου:lamb | [lamb] – the throne of the one God and of the lamb, where his bondservants offer their service; the title of the appointed agent is retained. |
| 22:3 | λατρευϲουϲιν:will-offer-cultic-service | [will-offer-cultic-service] – the priestly service rendered by the bondservants in the new creation; the book-wide translation convention reserves this cultic service for the one God alone. |
(6) Και:And ειπεν:said μοι:to-me Ουτοι:These οι:the λογοι:words πιϲτοι:faithful και:and αληθινοι:true και:and ο:the Κυριοϲ:Lord ο:the Θεοϲ:God των:of-the πνευματων:spirits των:of-the προφητων:prophets απεϲτειλεν:sent τον:the αγγελον:angel αυτου:of-Him δειξαι:to-show τοιϲ:to-the δουλοιϲ:bondservants αυτου:of-Him α:the-things δει:it-is-necessary γενεϲθαι:to-come-to-be εν:in ταχει:quickness (7) Και:And ιδου:behold ερχομαι:I-come ταχυ:quickly Μακαριοϲ:Blessed ο:the-one τηρων:keeping τουϲ:the λογουϲ:words τηϲ:of-the προφητειαϲ:prophecy του:of-the βιβλιου:book τουτου:this (8) Καγω:And-I ιωαννηϲ:John ο:the ακουων:hearing και:and βλεπων:seeing ταυτα:these-things και:and οτε:when ηκουϲα:I-heard και:and εβλεψα:I-saw επεϲα:I-fell προϲκυνηϲαι:to-do-obeisance εμπροϲθεν:before των:the ποδων:feet του:of-the αγγελου:angel του:the δεικνυοντοϲ:showing μοι:me ταυτα:these-things (9) Και:And λεγει:says μοι:to-me Ορα:See μη:not ϲυνδουλοϲ:co-bondservant ϲου:of-you ειμι:I-am και:and των:of-the αδελφων:brothers ϲου:of-you των:the προφητων:prophets και:and των:of-the τηρουντων:ones-keeping τουϲ:the λογουϲ:words του:of-the βιβλιου:book τουτου:this τω:to-the θεω:God προϲκυνηϲον:worship
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 22:6 | πνευματων:spirits | [spirits] – the Lord God of the spirits of the prophets, the source of the prophetic spirit; lowercased in line with the book-wide convention of rendering the spirit as God's empowering presence. |
| 22:8 | προϲκυνηϲαι:to-do-obeisance | [to-do-obeisance] – John's posture of honour before the angel who showed him the vision; the book-wide translation convention distinguishes this gestured homage from the worship that belongs to the one God alone. |
| 22:9 | προϲκυνηϲον:worship | [worship] – the angel's command, directing John's devotion to the one God; the book-wide translation convention reserves the full worship-word for God and refuses all such honour to creatures. |
(10) Και:And λεγει:says μοι:to-me Μη:Do-not ϲφραγιϲηϲ:seal τουϲ:the λογουϲ:words τηϲ:of-the προφητειαϲ:prophecy του:of-the βιβλιου:book τουτου:this ο:the γαρ:for καιροϲ:season εγγυϲ:near εϲτιν:is (11) Ο:the-one αδικων:doing-wrong αδικηϲατω:let-him-do-wrong ετι:still και:and ο:the-one ρυπαροϲ:filthy ρυπανθητω:let-him-be-filthy ετι:still και:and ο:the-one δικαιοϲ:righteous δικαιοϲυνην:righteousness ποιηϲατω:let-him-do ετι:still και:and ο:the-one αγιοϲ:holy αγιαϲθητω:let-him-be-sanctified ετι:still (12) Ιδου:Behold ερχομαι:I-come ταχυ:quickly και:and ο:the μιϲθοϲ:reward μου:of-me μετ:with εμου:me αποδουναι:to-pay-back εκαϲτω:to-each ωϲ:as το:the εργον:work εϲτιν:is αυτου:of-him (13) Εγω:I το:the Αλφα:Alpha και:and το:the Ω:Omega ο:the πρωτοϲ:first και:and ο:the εϲχατοϲ:last η:the αρχη:beginning και:and το:the τελοϲ:end (14) Μακαριοι:Blessed οι:the-ones πλυνοντεϲ:washing ταϲ:the ϲτολαϲ:robes αυτων:of-them ινα:so-that εϲται:will-be η:the εξουϲια:authority αυτων:of-them επι:over το:the ξυλον:tree τηϲ:of-the ζωηϲ:life και:and τοιϲ:to-the πυλωϲιν:gateways ειϲελθωϲιν:they-may-enter ειϲ:into την:the πολιν:city (15) Εξω:Outside οι:the κυνεϲ:dogs και:and οι:the φαρμακοι:sorcerers και:and οι:the πορνοι:fornicators και:and οι:the φονειϲ:murderers και:and οι:the ειδωλολατραι:idolaters και:and παϲ:everyone φιλων:loving και:and ποιων:making ψευδοϲ:falsehood
(16) Εγω:I Ιηϲουϲ:Jesus επεμψα:sent τον:the αγγελον:angel μου:of-me μαρτυρηϲαι:to-testify υμιν:to-you ταυτα:these-things επι:for ταιϲ:the εκκληϲιαιϲ:assemblies Εγω:I ειμι:am η:the ριζα:root και:and το:the γενοϲ:offspring δαυιδ:of-David ο:the αϲτηρ:star ο:the λαμπροϲ:bright ο:the πρωινοϲ:morning (17) Και:And το:the πνευμα:spirit και:and η:the νυμφη:bride λεγουϲιν:say Ερχου:Come και:and ο:the-one ακουων:hearing ειπατω:let-him-say Ερχου:Come και:and ο:the-one διψων:thirsting ερχεϲθω:let-him-come ο:the-one θελων:willing λαβετω:let-him-take υδωρ:water ζωηϲ:of-life δωρεαν:freely
Lexical Decisions:
| Verse | Greek → English | Decision Comments |
|---|---|---|
| 22:17 | πνευμα:spirit | [spirit] – the spirit unites its voice with the bride in the final invitation; the book-wide convention renders the spirit lowercase, as God's empowering presence. |
| 22:17 | νυμφη:bride | [bride] – the bride-city speaks with the spirit, calling the thirsty to take the water of life freely; the book's figure-map assigns the bride-designation to the holy city, the wife of the lamb. |
(18) Μαρτυρω:I-testify εγω:I παντι:to-everyone τω:to-the-one ακουοντι:hearing τουϲ:the λογουϲ:words τηϲ:of-the προφητειαϲ:prophecy του:of-the βιβλιου:book τουτου:this εαν:if τιϲ:anyone επιθη:adds επ:upon αυτα:them επιθηϲει:will-add ο:the θεοϲ:God επ:upon αυτον:him ταϲ:the πληγαϲ:plagues ταϲ:the γεγραμμεναϲ:having-been-written εν:in τω:the βιβλιω:book τουτω:this (19) Και:And εαν:if τιϲ:anyone αφελη:takes-away απο:from των:the λογων:words του:of-the βιβλιου:book τηϲ:of-the προφητειαϲ:prophecy ταυτηϲ:this αφελει:will-take-away ο:the θεοϲ:God το:the μεροϲ:part αυτου:of-him απο:from του:the ξυλου:tree τηϲ:of-the ζωηϲ:life και:and εκ:from τηϲ:the πολεωϲ:city τηϲ:the αγιαϲ:holy των:of-the γεγραμμενων:ones-having-been-written εν:in τω:the βιβλιω:book τουτω:this (20) Λεγει:Says ο:the-one μαρτυρων:testifying ταυτα:these-things Ναι:Yes ερχομαι:I-come ταχυ:quickly Αμην:Amen Ερχου:Come κυριε:Lord ιηϲου:Jesus (21) Η:the χαριϲ:grace του:of-the κυριου:lord ιηϲου:Jesus μετα:with παντων:all