1 Thessalonians

Shaliah New Testament Interlinear

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

Commentary | Interlinear | English

1 Thessalonians 1

(1) παυλοϲ:Paul και:and ϲιλουανοϲ:Silvanus και:and τιμοθεοϲ:Timothy τη:to-the εκκληϲια:assembly θεϲϲαλονικεων:of-Thessalonians εν:in θεω:God πατρι:Father και:and κυριω:lord ιηϲου:Jesus χριϲτω:Christ χαριϲ:grace υμιν:to-you και:and ειρηνη:peace

Lexical Decisions:

Verse	Greek → English	Decision Comments
1:1	εκκληϲια:assembly	[assembly] – The established gloss keeps the first‑century sense of the gathered people of God, shaped by the civic and communal life of a city assembly.

(2) ευχαριϲτουμεν:we-give-thanks τω:to-the θεω:God παντοτε:always περι:concerning παντων:all υμων:of-you μνειαν:remembrance ποιουμενοι:making επι:upon των:the προϲευχων:prayers ημων:of-us αδιαλειπτωϲ:unceasingly (3) μνημονευοντεϲ:remembering υμων:of-you του:the εργου:work τηϲ:of-the πιϲτεωϲ:faith και:and του:the κοπου:toil τηϲ:of-the αγαπηϲ:love και:and τηϲ:the υπομονηϲ:endurance τηϲ:of-the ελπιδοϲ:hope του:of-the κυριου:lord ημων:of-us ιηϲου:Jesus χριϲτου:Christ εμπροϲθεν:before του:the θεου:God και:and πατροϲ:Father ημων:of-us (4) ειδοτεϲ:having-known αδελφοι:brothers ηγαπημενοι:beloved υπο:by του:the θεου:God την:the εκλογην:election υμων:of-you (5) οτι:that το:the ευαγγελιον:glad-tidings ημων:of-us ουκ:not εγενηθη:came-to-be ειϲ:unto υμαϲ:you εν:in λογω:word μονον:only αλλα:but και:also εν:in δυναμει:power και:and εν:in πνευματι:spirit αγιω:holy και:and εν:in πληροφορια:assurance πολλη:much καθωϲ:just-as οιδατε:you-know οιοι:of-what-kind εγενηθημεν:we-came-to-be εν:among υμιν:you δι:for-sake-of υμαϲ:you (6) και:and υμειϲ:you μιμηται:imitators ημων:of-us εγενηθητε:you-came-to-be και:and του:of-the κυριου:lord δεξαμενοι:having-received τον:the λογον:word εν:in θλιψει:affliction πολλη:much μετα:with χαραϲ:joy πνευματοϲ:of-spirit αγιου:holy (7) ωϲτε:so-as γενεϲθαι:to-come-to-be υμαϲ:you τυπον:type παϲιν:to-all τοιϲ:the πιϲτευουϲιν:ones-believing εν:in τη:the μακεδονια:Macedonia και:and εν:in τη:the αχαια:Achaia (8) αφ:from υμων:you γαρ:for εξηχηται:has-sounded-forth ο:the λογοϲ:word του:of-the κυριου:lord ου:not μονον:only εν:in τη:the μακεδονια:Macedonia και:and εν:in τη:the αχαια:Achaia αλλ:but εν:in παντι:every τοπω:place η:the πιϲτιϲ:faith υμων:of-you η:the προϲ:toward τον:the θεον:God εξεληλυθεν:has-gone-out ωϲτε:so-as μη:not χρειαν:need εχειν:to-have ημαϲ:us λαλειν:to-speak τι:anything (9) αυτοι:they-themselves γαρ:for περι:about ημων:us απαγγελλουϲιν:they-report οποιαν:of-what-kind ειϲοδον:entrance εϲχομεν:we-had προϲ:toward υμαϲ:you και:and πωϲ:how επεϲτρεψατε:you-turned προϲ:to τον:the θεον:God απο:from των:the ειδωλων:idols δουλευειν:to-serve θεω:God ζωντι:living και:and αληθινω:true (10) και:and αναμενειν:to-wait-for τον:the υιον:son αυτου:of-Him εκ:out-of των:the ουρανων:heavens ον:whom ηγειρεν:He-raised εκ:out-of των:the νεκρων:dead ιηϲουν:Jesus τον:the ρυομενον:one-rescuing ημαϲ:us εκ:out-of τηϲ:the οργηϲ:wrath τηϲ:the ερχομενηϲ:coming

Lexical Decisions:

Verse	Greek → English	Decision Comments
1:3	πιϲτεωϲ:faith	[faith] – In line with the book‑wide translation convention of rendering πίστις as “faith/allegiance,” the Thessalonians’ active allegiance to God is the work remembered before God, joined with love and sustained by hope.
1:5	ευαγγελιον:glad-tidings	[glad-tidings] – The book‑wide convention gives the announcement of God’s saving action the gravity of an imperial royal proclamation; it came to the Thessalonians not in word only but in power and in holy spirit and with much assurance.
1:8	πιϲτιϲ:faith	[faith] – In the same faith/allegiance convention, the Thessalonians’ allegiance to God has sounded forth so widely that Paul and his companions have no need to speak of it.

1 Thessalonians 2

(1) αυτοι:you-yourselves γαρ:for οιδατε:you-know αδελφοι:brothers την:the ειϲοδον:entrance ημων:of-us την:the προϲ:toward υμαϲ:you οτι:that ου:not κενη:empty γεγονεν:it-has-become (2) αλλα:but προπαθοντεϲ:having-suffered-before και:and υβριϲθεντεϲ:having-been-insulted καθωϲ:just-as οιδατε:you-know εν:in φιλιπποιϲ:Philippi επαρρηϲιαϲαμεθα:we-spoke-boldly εν:in τω:the θεω:God ημων:of-us λαληϲαι:to-speak προϲ:toward υμαϲ:you το:the ευαγγελιον:glad-tidings του:of-the θεου:God εν:in πολλω:much αγωνι:struggle (3) η:the γαρ:for παρακληϲιϲ:exhortation ημων:of-us ουκ:not εκ:out-of πλανηϲ:error ουδε:nor εξ:out-of ακαθαρϲιαϲ:impurity ουδε:nor εν:in δολω:deceit (4) αλλα:but καθωϲ:just-as δεδοκιμαϲμεθα:we-have-been-approved υπο:by του:the θεου:God πιϲτευθηναι:to-be-entrusted το:the ευαγγελιον:glad-tidings ουτωϲ:thus λαλουμεν:we-speak ουχ:not ωϲ:as ανθρωποιϲ:to-men αρεϲκοντεϲ:pleasing αλλα:but θεω:to-God τω:the δοκιμαζοντι:one-testing ταϲ:the καρδιαϲ:hearts ημων:of-us (5) ουτε:neither γαρ:for ποτε:ever εν:in λογω:word κολακειαϲ:of-flattery εγενηθημεν:we-came-to-be καθωϲ:just-as οιδατε:you-know ουτε:nor εν:in προφαϲει:pretext πλεονεξιαϲ:of-greed θεοϲ:God μαρτυϲ:witness (6) ουτε:nor ζητουντεϲ:seeking εξ:from ανθρωπων:men δοξαν:glory ουτε:nor αφ:from υμων:you ουτε:nor απ:from αλλων:others (7) δυναμενοι:being-able εν:in βαρει:burden ειναι:to-be ωϲ:as χριϲτου:of-Christ αποϲτολοι:apostles αλλ:but εγενηθημεν:we-came-to-be νηπιοι:infants εν:in μεϲω:midst υμων:of-you ωϲ:as εαν:whenever τροφοϲ:nurse θαλπη:cherishes τα:the εαυτηϲ:of-herself τεκνα:children (8) ουτωϲ:thus ομειρομενοι:longing-for υμων:you ευδοκουμεν:we-were-pleased μεταδουναι:to-impart υμιν:to-you ου:not μονον:only το:the ευαγγελιον:glad-tidings του:of-the θεου:God αλλα:but και:also ταϲ:the εαυτων:of-themselves ψυχαϲ:souls διοτι:because αγαπητοι:beloved ημιν:to-us εγενηθητε:you-came-to-be (9) μνημονευετε:you-remember γαρ:for αδελφοι:brothers τον:the κοπον:toil ημων:of-us και:and τον:the μοχθον:labor νυκτοϲ:of-night και:and ημεραϲ:of-day εργαζομενοι:working προϲ:toward το:the μη:not επιβαρηϲαι:to-burden τινα:anyone υμων:of-you εκηρυξαμεν:we-proclaimed ειϲ:to υμαϲ:you το:the ευαγγελιον:glad-tidings του:of-the θεου:God (10) υμειϲ:you μαρτυρεϲ:witnesses και:and ο:the θεοϲ:God ωϲ:how οϲιωϲ:holily και:and δικαιωϲ:righteously και:and αμεμπτωϲ:blamelessly υμιν:to-you τοιϲ:the πιϲτευουϲιν:ones-believing εγενηθημεν:we-came-to-be (11) καθαπερ:just-as οιδατε:you-know ωϲ:how ενα:one εκαϲτον:each υμων:of-you ωϲ:as πατηρ:father τεκνα:children εαυτου:of-himself (12) παρακαλουντεϲ:exhorting υμαϲ:you και:and παραμυθουμενοι:consoling και:and μαρτυρομενοι:testifying ειϲ:toward το:the περιπατειν:to-walk υμαϲ:you αξιωϲ:worthily του:of-the θεου:God του:the καλουντοϲ:one-calling υμαϲ:you ειϲ:into την:the εαυτου:of-Himself βαϲιλειαν:kingdom και:and δοξαν:glory

Lexical Decisions:

Verse	Greek → English	Decision Comments
2:2	ευαγγελιον:glad-tidings	[glad-tidings] – The established rendering with royal‑announcement weight: after suffering and insult at Philippi, Paul and Silvanus spoke the glad tidings of God boldly in the midst of much struggle.
2:4	ευαγγελιον:glad-tidings	[glad-tidings] – Entrusted with this glad tidings of God, the apostles speak to please God, who tests the hearts, not to please men.
2:8	ευαγγελιον:glad-tidings	[glad-tidings] – The same convention holds: they were pleased to impart not only the glad tidings of God but also their own souls to the beloved.
2:9	ευαγγελιον:glad-tidings	[glad-tidings] – Night‑and‑day toil and labour served the glad tidings of God, proclaimed without burdening anyone.

(13) και:and δια:because-of τουτο:this και:also ημειϲ:we ευχαριϲτουμεν:we-give-thanks τω:to-the θεω:God αδιαλειπτωϲ:unceasingly οτι:that παραλαβοντεϲ:having-received λογον:word ακοηϲ:of-hearing παρ:from ημων:us του:of-the θεου:God εδεξαϲθε:you-accepted ου:not λογον:word ανθρωπων:of-men αλλα:but καθωϲ:just-as εϲτιν:it-is αληθωϲ:truly λογον:word θεου:of-God οϲ:which και:also ενεργειται:is-at-work εν:in υμιν:you τοιϲ:the πιϲτευουϲιν:ones-believing (14) υμειϲ:you γαρ:for μιμηται:imitators εγενηθητε:you-came-to-be αδελφοι:brothers των:of-the εκκληϲιων:assemblies του:of-the θεου:God των:the ουϲων:being εν:in τη:the ιουδαια:Judea εν:in χριϲτω:Christ ιηϲου:Jesus οτι:that τα:the αυτα:same-things επαθετε:you-suffered και:also υμειϲ:you υπο:by των:the ιδιων:own ϲυμφυλετων:countrymen καθωϲ:just-as και:also αυτοι:they υπο:by των:the ιουδαιων:Judeans (15) των:the και:also τον:the κυριον:lord αποκτειναντων:having-killed ιηϲουν:Jesus και:and τουϲ:the προφηταϲ:prophets και:and ημαϲ:us εκδιωξαντων:having-driven-out και:and θεω:to-God μη:not αρεϲκοντων:pleasing και:and παϲιν:to-all ανθρωποιϲ:men εναντιων:opposing (16) κωλυοντων:hindering ημαϲ:us τοιϲ:to-the εθνεϲιν:nations λαληϲαι:to-speak ινα:in-order-that ϲωθωϲιν:they-might-be-saved ειϲ:toward το:the αναπληρωϲαι:to-fill-up αυτων:of-them ταϲ:the αμαρτιαϲ:sins παντοτε:always εφθαϲεν:has-come δε:but επ:upon αυτουϲ:them η:the οργη:wrath ειϲ:to τελοϲ:end

Lexical Decisions:

Verse	Greek → English	Decision Comments
2:14	εκκληϲιων:assemblies	[assemblies] – The established gloss preserves the communal sense of God’s gathered people; the assemblies of God in Judea, suffering from their own countrymen, stand as the pattern the Thessalonians imitated.

(17) ημειϲ:we δε:but αδελφοι:brothers απορφανιϲθεντεϲ:having-been-orphaned αφ:from υμων:you προϲ:for καιρον:season ωραϲ:of-an-hour προϲωπω:in-face ου:not καρδια:in-heart περιϲϲοτερωϲ:more-abundantly εϲπουδαϲαμεν:we-were-eager το:the προϲωπον:face υμων:of-you ιδειν:to-see εν:in πολλη:much επιθυμια:desire (18) διοτι:because ηθεληϲαμεν:we-wanted ελθειν:to-come προϲ:to υμαϲ:you εγω:I μεν:indeed παυλοϲ:Paul και:both απαξ:once και:and διϲ:twice και:and ενεκοψεν:hindered ημαϲ:us ο:the ϲαταναϲ:Adversary (19) τιϲ:what γαρ:for ημων:of-us ελπιϲ:hope η:or χαρα:joy η:or ϲτεφανοϲ:crown καυχηϲεωϲ:of-boasting η:or ουχι:not-also και:and υμειϲ:you εμπροϲθεν:before του:of-the κυριου:lord ημων:of-us ιηϲου:Jesus εν:in τη:the αυτου:of-him παρουϲια:arrival (20) υμειϲ:you γαρ:for εϲτε:are η:the δοξα:glory ημων:of-us και:and η:the χαρα:joy

Lexical Decisions:

Verse	Greek → English	Decision Comments
2:18	ϲαταναϲ:Adversary	[Adversary] – The established title for the personal opposing power who thwarted Paul’s repeated desire to return to Thessalonica; the role of obstruction is what the context makes explicit.
2:19	παρουϲια:arrival	[arrival] – The royal‑advent term used across the letter for the consummation: the Thessalonians themselves are Paul’s hope, joy, and crown of boasting before the lord Jesus at his arrival.

1 Thessalonians 3

(1) διο:therefore μηκετι:no-longer ϲτεγοντεϲ:enduring ευδοκηϲαμεν:we-were-pleased καταλειφθηναι:to-be-left εν:in αθηναιϲ:Athens μονοι:alone (2) και:and επεμψαμεν:we-sent τιμοθεον:Timothy τον:the αδελφον:brother ημων:of-us και:and ϲυνεργον:fellow-worker του:of-the θεου:God εν:in τω:the ευαγγελιω:glad-tidings του:of-the χριϲτου:Christ ειϲ:toward το:the ϲτηριξαι:to-establish υμαϲ:you και:and παρακαλεϲαι:to-exhort υπερ:on-behalf-of τηϲ:the πιϲτεωϲ:faith υμων:of-you (3) το:the μηδενα:no-one ϲαινεϲθαι:to-be-shaken εν:in ταιϲ:the θλιψεϲιν:afflictions ταυταιϲ:these αυτοι:you-yourselves γαρ:for οιδατε:you-know οτι:that ειϲ:for τουτο:this κειμεθα:we-are-appointed (4) και:and γαρ:for οτε:when προϲ:toward υμαϲ:you ημεν:we-were προελεγομεν:we-were-telling-beforehand υμιν:to-you οτι:that μελλομεν:we-are-about-to θλιβεϲθαι:to-be-afflicted καθωϲ:just-as και:also εγενετο:it-came-to-be και:and οιδατε:you-know (5) δια:because-of τουτο:this καγω:I-also μηκετι:no-longer ϲτεγων:enduring επεμψα:I-sent ειϲ:toward το:the γνωναι:to-know την:the πιϲτιν:faith υμων:of-you μη:lest πωϲ:somehow επειραϲεν:tempted υμαϲ:you ο:the πειραζων:one-tempting και:and ειϲ:into κενον:empty γενηται:might-become ο:the κοποϲ:toil ημων:of-us (6) αρτι:now δε:but ελθοντοϲ:having-come τιμοθεου:of-Timothy προϲ:to ημαϲ:us αφ:from υμων:you και:and ευαγγελιϲαμενου:having-brought-good-news ημιν:to-us την:the πιϲτιν:faith και:and την:the αγαπην:love υμων:of-you και:and οτι:that εχετε:you-have μνειαν:remembrance ημων:of-us αγαθην:good παντοτε:always επιποθουντεϲ:longing ημαϲ:us ιδειν:to-see καθαπερ:just-as και:also ημειϲ:we υμαϲ:you (7) δια:because-of τουτο:this παρεκληθημεν:we-were-comforted αδελφοι:brothers εφ:over υμιν:you επι:in παϲη:all τη:the αναγκη:distress και:and θλιψει:affliction ημων:of-us δια:through τηϲ:the υμων:your πιϲτεωϲ:faith (8) οτι:that νυν:now ζωμεν:we-live εαν:if υμειϲ:you ϲτηκετε:you-stand εν:in κυριω:lord (9) τινα:what γαρ:for ευχαριϲτιαν:thanksgiving δυναμεθα:we-are-able τω:to-the θεω:God ανταποδουναι:to-repay περι:concerning υμων:you επι:upon παϲη:all τη:the χαρα:joy η:which χαιρομεν:we-rejoice δι:because-of υμαϲ:you εμπροϲθεν:before του:of-the θεου:God ημων:of-us (10) νυκτοϲ:of-night και:and ημεραϲ:of-day υπερεκπεριϲϲου:exceedingly-abundantly δεομενοι:beseeching ειϲ:toward το:the ιδειν:to-see υμων:of-you το:the προϲωπον:face και:and καταρτιϲαι:to-restore τα:the υϲτερηματα:lacks τηϲ:of-the πιϲτεωϲ:faith υμων:of-you

Lexical Decisions:

Verse	Greek → English	Decision Comments
3:2	ευαγγελιω:glad-tidings	[glad-tidings] – The letter’s established rendering of the announcement of God’s saving action, chosen because it carries the gravity of a royal proclamation; the report Timothy brings is just such glad tidings.
3:2	πιϲτεωϲ:faith	[faith] – In line with the book‑wide convention of rendering πίστις as faith/allegiance: the allegiance to God that Timothy is sent to strengthen, so that the Thessalonians may stand firm under affliction.
3:5	πιϲτιν:faith	[faith] – As faith/allegiance: the allegiance whose loss Paul fears, if the tempter’s testing should make his labour over the Thessalonians empty.
3:6	πιϲτιν:faith	[faith] – As faith/allegiance: Timothy’s good news is that the Thessalonians’ allegiance and love remain firm, together with their abiding longing to see Paul.
3:7	πιϲτεωϲ:faith	[faith] – As faith/allegiance: the Thessalonians’ steadfast allegiance is the ground of the apostles’ comfort in the midst of distress and affliction.
3:10	πιϲτεωϲ:faith	[faith] – As faith/allegiance: Paul asks to restore what is lacking in it, so that the allegiance of the Thessalonians may be brought to completion.

(11) αυτοϲ:He-Himself δε:but ο:the θεοϲ:God και:and πατηρ:Father ημων:of-us και:and ο:the κυριοϲ:lord ημων:of-us ιηϲουϲ:Jesus κατευθυναι:may-direct την:the οδον:way ημων:of-us προϲ:to υμαϲ:you (12) υμαϲ:you δε:but ο:the κυριοϲ:lord πλεοναϲαι:may-increase και:and περιϲϲευϲαι:may-abound τη:in-the αγαπη:love ειϲ:toward αλληλουϲ:one-another και:and ειϲ:toward πανταϲ:all καθαπερ:just-as και:also ημειϲ:we ειϲ:toward υμαϲ:you (13) ειϲ:toward το:the ϲτηριξαι:to-establish υμων:of-you ταϲ:the καρδιαϲ:hearts αμεμπτουϲ:blameless εν:in αγιωϲυνη:holiness εμπροϲθεν:before του:of-the θεου:God και:and πατροϲ:Father ημων:of-us εν:in τη:the παρουϲια:arrival του:of-the κυριου:lord ημων:of-us ιηϲου:Jesus μετα:with παντων:all των:the αγιων:holy-ones αυτου:of-him αμην:amen

Lexical Decisions:

Verse	Greek → English	Decision Comments
3:13	παρουϲια:arrival	[arrival] – The royal‑advent gloss used throughout the letter: the arrival of the lord Jesus with his holy ones is the consummation, the moment when the age to come breaks into the present.

1 Thessalonians 4

(1) λοιπον:finally ουν:therefore αδελφοι:brothers ερωτωμεν:we-ask υμαϲ:you και:and παρακαλουμεν:we-exhort εν:in κυριω:lord ιηϲου:Jesus ινα:that καθωϲ:just-as παρελαβετε:you-received παρ:from ημων:us το:the πωϲ:how δει:it-is-necessary υμαϲ:you περιπατειν:to-walk και:and αρεϲκειν:to-please θεω:God καθωϲ:just-as και:also περιπατειτε:you-walk ινα:that περιϲϲευητε:you-may-abound μαλλον:more (2) οιδατε:you-know γαρ:for τιναϲ:what παραγγελιαϲ:commands εδωκαμεν:we-gave υμιν:to-you δια:through του:the κυριου:lord ιηϲου:Jesus (3) τουτο:this γαρ:for εϲτιν:is θελημα:will του:of-the θεου:God ο:the αγιαϲμοϲ:sanctification υμων:of-you απεχεϲθαι:to-keep-from υμαϲ:you απο:from τηϲ:the πορνειαϲ:sexual-immorality (4) ειδεναι:to-know εκαϲτον:each υμων:of-you το:the εαυτου:of-himself ϲκευοϲ:vessel κταϲθαι:to-acquire εν:in αγιαϲμω:sanctification και:and τιμη:honor (5) μη:not εν:in παθει:passion επιθυμιαϲ:of-desire καθαπερ:just-as και:also τα:the εθνη:nations τα:the μη:not ειδοτα:knowing τον:the θεον:God (6) το:the μη:not υπερβαινειν:to-overstep και:and πλεονεκτειν:to-defraud εν:in τω:the πραγματι:matter τον:the αδελφον:brother αυτου:of-him διοτι:because εκδικοϲ:avenger κυριοϲ:Lord περι:concerning παντων:all τουτων:these καθωϲ:just-as και:also προειπαμεν:we-said-before υμιν:to-you και:and διεμαρτυραμεθα:we-solemnly-testified (7) ου:not γαρ:for εκαλεϲεν:called ημαϲ:us ο:the θεοϲ:God επι:for ακαθαρϲια:impurity αλλ:but εν:in αγιαϲμω:sanctification (8) τοιγαρουν:therefore ο:the αθετων:one-rejecting ουκ:not ανθρωπον:man αθετει:rejects αλλα:but τον:the θεον:God τον:the και:also διδοντα:one-giving το:the πνευμα:spirit αυτου:of-Him το:the αγιον:holy ειϲ:to υμαϲ:you (9) περι:concerning δε:but τηϲ:the φιλαδελφιαϲ:brotherly-love ου:not χρειαν:need εχετε:you-have γραφειν:to-write υμιν:to-you αυτοι:yourselves γαρ:for υμειϲ:you θεοδιδακτοι:God-taught εϲτε:are ειϲ:for το:the αγαπαν:to-love αλληλουϲ:one-another (10) και:and γαρ:for ποιειτε:you-do αυτο:it ειϲ:to πανταϲ:all τουϲ:the αδελφουϲ:brothers τουϲ:the εν:in ολη:all τη:the μακεδονια:Macedonia παρακαλουμεν:we-exhort δε:but υμαϲ:you αδελφοι:brothers περιϲϲευειν:to-abound μαλλον:more (11) και:and φιλοτιμειϲθαι:to-be-ambitious ηϲυχαζειν:to-be-quiet και:and πραϲϲειν:to-do τα:the ιδια:own-things και:and εργαζεϲθαι:to-work ταιϲ:with-the ιδιαιϲ:own χερϲιν:hands υμων:of-you καθωϲ:just-as υμιν:to-you παρηγγειλαμεν:we-commanded (12) ινα:that περιπατητε:you-walk ευϲχημονωϲ:becomingly προϲ:before τουϲ:the εξω:outside και:and μηδενοϲ:of-nothing χρειαν:need εχητε:you-may-have

(13) ου:not θελομεν:we-wish δε:but υμαϲ:you αγνοειν:to-be-ignorant αδελφοι:brothers περι:concerning των:the κοιμωμενων:ones-sleeping ινα:that μη:not λυπηϲθε:you-may-grieve καθωϲ:just-as και:also οι:the λοιποι:rest οι:the μη:not εχοντεϲ:having ελπιδα:hope (14) ει:if γαρ:for πιϲτευομεν:we-believe οτι:that ιηϲουϲ:Jesus απεθανεν:died και:and ανεϲτη:rose ουτωϲ:thus και:also ο:the θεοϲ:God τουϲ:the κοιμηθενταϲ:ones-having-fallen-asleep δια:through του:the ιηϲου:Jesus αξει:will-lead ϲυν:with αυτω:him (15) τουτο:this γαρ:for υμιν:to-you λεγομεν:we-say εν:in λογω:word κυριου:of-lord οτι:that ημειϲ:we οι:the ζωντεϲ:living οι:the περιλειπομενοι:remaining ειϲ:for την:the παρουϲιαν:arrival του:of-the κυριου:lord ου:not μη:not φθαϲωμεν:will-precede τουϲ:the κοιμηθενταϲ:ones-having-fallen-asleep (16) οτι:that αυτοϲ:himself ο:the κυριοϲ:lord εν:with κελευϲματι:shout εν:with φωνη:voice αρχαγγελου:of-archangel και:and εν:with ϲαλπιγγι:trumpet θεου:of-God καταβηϲεται:will-descend απ:from ουρανου:heaven και:and οι:the νεκροι:dead εν:in χριϲτω:Christ αναϲτηϲονται:will-rise πρωτον:first (17) επειτα:then ημειϲ:we οι:the ζωντεϲ:living οι:the περιλειπομενοι:remaining αμα:together ϲυν:with αυτοιϲ:them αρπαγηϲομεθα:will-be-snatched εν:in νεφελαιϲ:clouds ειϲ:to απαντηϲιν:meeting του:of-the κυριου:lord ειϲ:in αερα:air και:and ουτωϲ:thus παντοτε:always ϲυν:with κυριω:lord εϲομεθα:we-will-be (18) ωϲτε:so-that παρακαλειτε:comfort αλληλουϲ:one-another εν:with τοιϲ:the λογοιϲ:words τουτοιϲ:these

Lexical Decisions:

Verse	Greek → English	Decision Comments
4:13	κοιμωμενων:ones-sleeping	[ones-sleeping] – The literal sleep image is deliberately kept so that the death of believers is named as sleep; the resurrection at the lord’s arrival is what resolves the euphemism.
4:14	κοιμηθενταϲ:ones-having-fallen-asleep	[ones-having-fallen-asleep] – The same literal rendering of the death euphemism, grounded in Jesus’ own death and rising; the departed are spoken of as asleep, awaiting the resurrection.
4:15	παρουϲιαν:arrival	[arrival] – The royal‑advent term for the coming of the lord at the consummation; it frames the word of the lord, assuring that the living will not precede those who have fallen asleep.
4:15	κοιμηθενταϲ:ones-having-fallen-asleep	[ones-having-fallen-asleep] – The consistent literal gloss for the sleep euphemism, threading through the whole consolation passage and answered by the resurrection that follows.
4:17	απαντηϲιν:meeting	[meeting] – The technical word for a city’s official reception of a visiting sovereign; paired with the lord’s arrival, the gathering in the air is the formal welcome given to the returning lord, after which believers are always with him.

1 Thessalonians 5

(1) περι:concerning δε:but των:the χρονων:times και:and των:the καιρων:seasons αδελφοι:brothers ου:not χρειαν:need εχετε:you-have υμιν:for-you γραφεϲθαι:to-be-written (2) αυτοι:yourselves γαρ:for ακριβωϲ:accurately οιδατε:you-know οτι:that ημερα:day κυριου:of-lord ωϲ:as κλεπτηϲ:thief εν:in νυκτι:night ουτωϲ:thus ερχεται:comes (3) οταν:when λεγωϲιν:they-say ειρηνη:peace και:and αϲφαλεια:safety τοτε:then αιφνιδιοϲ:suddenly αυτοιϲ:to-them εφιϲταται:comes-upon ολεθροϲ:destruction ωϲπερ:just-as η:the ωδιν:birth-pain τη:to-the-one εν:in γαϲτρι:womb εχουϲη:having και:and ου:not μη:not εκφυγωϲιν:they-shall-escape (4) υμειϲ:you δε:but αδελφοι:brothers ουκ:not εϲτε:are εν:in ϲκοτει:darkness ινα:that η:the ημερα:day υμαϲ:you ωϲ:as κλεπτηϲ:thief καταλαβη:may-overtake (5) παντεϲ:all γαρ:for υμειϲ:you υιοι:sons φωτοϲ:of-light εϲτε:are και:and υιοι:sons ημεραϲ:of-day ουκ:not εϲμεν:we-are νυκτοϲ:of-night ουδε:nor ϲκοτουϲ:of-darkness (6) αρα:so ουν:then μη:not καθευδωμεν:we-may-sleep ωϲ:as οι:the λοιποι:rest αλλα:but γρηγορωμεν:let-us-be-watchful και:and νηφωμεν:let-us-be-sober (7) οι:the γαρ:for καθευδοντεϲ:ones-sleeping νυκτοϲ:at-night καθευδουϲιν:sleep και:and οι:the μεθυϲκομενοι:ones-getting-drunk νυκτοϲ:at-night μεθυουϲιν:are-drunk (8) ημειϲ:we δε:but ημεραϲ:of-day οντεϲ:being νηφωμεν:let-us-be-sober ενδυϲαμενοι:having-put-on θωρακα:breastplate πιϲτεωϲ:of-faith και:and αγαπηϲ:of-love και:and περικεφαλαιαν:helmet ελπιδα:hope ϲωτηριαϲ:of-salvation (9) οτι:because ουκ:not εθετο:appointed ημαϲ:us ο:the θεοϲ:God ειϲ:for οργην:wrath αλλ:but ειϲ:for περιποιηϲιν:obtaining ϲωτηριαϲ:of-salvation δια:through του:the κυριου:lord ημων:of-us ιηϲου:Jesus χριϲτου:Christ (10) του:the-one αποθανοντοϲ:having-died υπερ:for ημων:us ινα:that ειτε:whether γρηγορωμεν:we-are-watchful ειτε:or καθευδωμεν:we-may-sleep αμα:together ϲυν:with αυτω:him ζηϲωμεν:we-may-live (11) διο:therefore παρακαλειτε:comfort αλληλουϲ:one-another και:and οικοδομειτε:build-up ειϲ:into τον:the ενα:one καθωϲ:just-as και:also ποιειτε:you-do

Lexical Decisions:

Verse	Greek → English	Decision Comments
5:2	ημερα:day κυριου:of-lord	[day of-lord] – The established gloss for the transferred day-of-YHWH idiom: the day of the lord Jesus’ coming inherits the ancient day-of-YHWH language, and the lowercase “lord” keeps the appointed agent in view.
5:8	πιϲτεωϲ:of-faith	[of-faith] – In the book‑wide treatment of πίστις as faith/allegiance: the breastplate of faith is the allegiance to God that equips the children of the day for sober watchfulness.

(12) ερωτωμεν:we-ask δε:but υμαϲ:you αδελφοι:brothers ειδεναι:to-know τουϲ:the κοπιωνταϲ:ones-toiling εν:among υμιν:you και:and προιϲταμενουϲ:ones-leading υμων:of-you εν:in κυριω:lord και:and νουθετουνταϲ:ones-admonishing υμαϲ:you (13) και:and ηγειϲθαι:to-regard αυτουϲ:them υπερεκπεριϲϲου:exceedingly-abundantly εν:in αγαπη:love δια:because-of το:the εργον:work αυτων:of-them ειρηνευετε:be-at-peace εν:among εαυτοιϲ:yourselves (14) παρακαλουμεν:we-exhort δε:but υμαϲ:you αδελφοι:brothers νουθετειτε:admonish τουϲ:the ατακτουϲ:disorderly παραμυθειϲθε:console τουϲ:the ολιγοψυχουϲ:fainthearted αντεχεϲθε:hold-fast των:to-the αϲθενων:weak μακροθυμειτε:be-patient προϲ:toward πανταϲ:all (15) ορατε:see μη:lest τιϲ:anyone κακον:evil αντι:in-return-for κακου:of-evil τινι:to-anyone αποδω:may-repay αλλα:but παντοτε:always το:the αγαθον:good διωκετε:pursue και:and ειϲ:toward αλληλουϲ:one-another και:and ειϲ:toward πανταϲ:all (16) παντοτε:always χαιρετε:rejoice (17) αδιαλειπτωϲ:unceasingly προϲευχεϲθε:pray (18) εν:in παντι:everything ευχαριϲτειτε:give-thanks τουτο:this γαρ:for θελημα:will θεου:of-God εν:in χριϲτω:Christ ιηϲου:Jesus ειϲ:for υμαϲ:you (19) το:the πνευμα:spirit μη:not ϲβεννυτε:quench (20) προφητειαϲ:prophecies μη:not εξουθενειτε:despise (21) παντα:all δε:but δοκιμαζετε:test το:the καλον:good κατεχετε:hold-fast (22) απο:from παντοϲ:every ειδουϲ:form πονηρου:evil απεχεϲθε:keep-away

(23) αυτοϲ:He-Himself δε:but ο:the θεοϲ:God τηϲ:of-the ειρηνηϲ:peace αγιαϲαι:may-sanctify υμαϲ:you ολοτελειϲ:entire και:and ολοκληρον:whole υμων:of-you το:the πνευμα:spirit και:and η:the ψυχη:soul και:and το:the ϲωμα:body αμεμπτωϲ:blamelessly εν:in τη:the παρουϲια:arrival του:of-the κυριου:lord ημων:of-us ιηϲου:Jesus χριϲτου:Christ τηρηθειη:may-be-kept (24) πιϲτοϲ:faithful ο:the καλων:one-calling υμαϲ:you οϲ:who και:also ποιηϲει:will-do

Lexical Decisions:

Verse	Greek → English	Decision Comments
5:23	παρουϲια:arrival	[arrival] – The royal‑advent gloss that completes the letter’s thread of the lord’s coming: at the arrival of the lord Jesus Christ the whole person — spirit, soul, and body — is kept blameless before God.

(25) αδελφοι:brothers προϲευχεϲθε:pray και:also περι:concerning ημων:us (26) αϲπαϲαϲθε:greet τουϲ:the αδελφουϲ:brothers πανταϲ:all εν:with φιληματι:kiss αγιω:holy (27) ενορκιζω:I-adjure υμαϲ:you τον:the κυριον:lord αναγνωϲθηναι:to-be-read την:the επιϲτολην:letter παϲιν:to-all τοιϲ:the αδελφοιϲ:brothers (28) η:the χαριϲ:grace του:of-the κυριου:lord ημων:of-us ιηϲου:Jesus χριϲτου:Christ μεθ:with υμων:you